jeste li (ih) vidjeli

moga sinka Janka.......

Dragi moji,
ovo je informativni post koji sam počela 'šivati' noćas,
a završila ga , evo, jutros u 9:56...
Da vas informiram u startu;
tu su članci i linkovi na iste
o Starlink satelitima koje je Elon Musk, sa svojom kompanijom SpaceX
puknuo na nebo,
o njegovim i sličnim daljnjim planovima,
te kakvog to ima utjecaja na nas,
na znanost,
i sa čime sve to ima veze.

Ti svemirski kerefeki se razvijaju da bi bili podržavatelji i omogućavatelji
brzo razvijajuće 5G mreže na Zemlji.
O štetnosti iste
(korisnost je,
naročito financijska,
neosporna)
raspravlja se na veliko.
Najbitniji tekst u cijelom postu
(po meni)
je onaj na dnu,
Link i kompletan tekst apela znanstvenika EUe i svjetskih,
a o uopzorenju na zdravstvene implikacije korištenja 5G mreže.

Dakle, ne neke novinarske gluposti
o tome kako tamo neke budale misle da 5G mreža širi Korona virus,
i slične priče kojima vam bacaju prašinu u oči,
nego pravi realistični problemi, sa znanstveno potkrijepljenjim argumentima,
ono, zaista se za zapitati.


Go for it!

:-***********










Starlink, wikipedia
















Kako uočiti novih 60 SpaceX-ovih Starlink satelita na noćnom nebu, članak u space.comu

How to Spot SpaceX's 60 New Starlink Satellites in the Night Sky

SpaceX launched 60 new satellites into orbit today (Nov. 11). Weather permitting, you just might be able to see the spacecraft swarm soar overhead in your night sky tonight. Of course, you'll need to know where to look.

The new Starlink satellites are the second batch to join SpaceX's growing broadband internet constellation in orbit. They follow the May launch of 60 other satellites that surprised observers with how bright they appeared in the night sky. The night after their launch, those first Starlink satellites appeared as a brilliant string of pearls in the night sky.

"Due to the date and time of launch, conditions for visibility are not so good for Northwest Europe, where I am, nor indeed for the US, as they were in May." Netherlands-based satellite tracker Marco Langbroek, who captured video of the Starlink train in the sky, told Space.com in an email today. That's because the new Starlink satellites have only a few days of evening passes over Europe and the U.S. before shifting into daylight for the near future, he added.

Still, Langbroek added: "Because they seem to aim for a lower operational orbital altitude (350 km) than the previous 60 did (those were inserted at 440 km, so already 100 km higher than what this new batch of 60 aims for, and eventually were brought to 550 km), I expect these new objects to stay relatively bright, i.e. naked eye objects."

So, the new satellites launched today could be visible like their May counterparts for at least the next few nights. So, how to see them?

The key for any satellite tracker is to know when and where to look. Fortunately, there are several websites that offer forecasts to help amateur observers identify which direction to look and when for any area.

The tracking site Heavens-Above.com here already has a Starlink Launch 2 page ready. You can visit this Starlink page on the site to see the orbit of the new satellites. The direct link to the Starlink Launch 2 visible passes forecast is here, but don't forget to update the "location" tag in the upper right of the page to get your specific visibility forecast.

The next site to try is N2Y0.com, which automatically picks up your coordinates from your browser to show when and where particular bright satellites (and yes, the International Space Station, too) will be visible.

Another useful site is CalSky here. CalSky asks you to enter the satellite you're looking to spot (either by name or official number, if you know it). You can simply type "Starlink" and click "Go!" to find your personal forecast under "Sightings Opportunities" for each satellite.

"For prospective observers, I would advise to see whether Calsky of Heavens-Above issue predictions for your location, and allow for several minutes uncertainty in the pass time," Langbroek said. "I expect them to be bright now they are still very low, but having binoculars handy would be a good idea. Make sure your eyes are dark adapted (i.e. spent some 125 minutes in the dark at least, avoiding lamplight)."

The "train" view seen in May will likely only be visible over the next two nights, Langbroek said. So, you'll want to be sure to act fast. By the time the satellites are again visible at night, they'll be spread out in their final orbits and less of a sight, Langbroek added.

SpaceX launched the new Starlink satellites into a preliminary orbit of 174 miles (280 kilometers), but each of the 60 satellites is equipped with an ion engine to slowly raise its orbit to an altitude of about 217 miles (350 km).

Not everyone is as thrilled to see SpaceX's Starlink fleet in the night sky as Langbroek was in May, when he called the sight "spectacular."

Astronomers have complained that the bright satellites could endanger scientific observations of the night sky, especially since SpaceX plans to launch at least 12,000 Starlink satellites for its megaconstellation and is eyeing adding another 30,000 satellites in the future. With other companies like Amazon, OneWeb and Telesat planning their own megaconstellations, even Langbroek has concerns.

"I do have concerns about these mega-constellations in low earth orbit. One is
what it will do to our night sky - on a clear summer night, there is always one
or several satellite (s) visible almost at any given moment already," Langbroek said. "With so many to be added over a short time span of only a few years, it will drastically alter how we experience our night sky: the old character of the night sky will basically be lost."

SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has said the company is looking into reducing the brightness of the satellites. Musk and other SpaceX representatives also stress that Starlink satellites are designed for a mission life of between one and 5 years.

At the end of a Starlink satellite's mission, the satellite is designed to use its ion engine to deorbit itself and burn up in Earth's atmosphere to avoid posing a space debris threat to other spacecraft, SpaceX has said.

If you snap a photo or video of SpaceX's Starlink satellites in the night sky and would like to share it with Space.com and our news partners for a story or gallery, you can send images and comments in to spacephotos@space.com.

Editor's note: An earlier version of this story incorrectly stated the orbit intended for this Starlink launch. It is 217 miles (350 kilometers), not 341 miles (550 km).











SpaceX-ovih 60 satelita, prijetnja astronomiji kao takvoj, članak u NYTimesu

As SpaceX Launches 60 Starlink Satellites, Scientists See Threat to ‘Astronomy Itself’
Various companies are pressing ahead with plans for internet service from space, which has prompted astronomers to voice concerns about the impact on research from telescopes on Earth

On Monday morning, SpaceX launched one of its reusable rockets from Cape Canaveral, Florida., carrying 60 satellites into space at once. It was the second payload of Starlink, its planned constellation of tens of thousands of orbiting transmitters to beam internet service across the globe.

When SpaceX, the private rocket company founded by Elon Musk, launched the first batch of Starlink orbiters in May, many astronomers were surprised to see that the satellites were extremely bright, causing them to fear that the constellation would wreak havoc on scientific research and transform our view of the stars. Since then, many scientists have been on a mission to better quantify the impacts of Starlink and to share their concerns with SpaceX.

In response, SpaceX has said that it wants to mitigate the potential impacts of Starlink. But at the same time, the company is still moving full steam ahead.

In October, Mr. Musk announced that he was using Twitter via a Starlink internet connection, as his company was requesting permission from the Federal Communications Commission to operate as many as 30,000 satellites on top of the 12,000 already approved. Should SpaceX succeed in sending this many satellites to low-Earth orbit, its constellation would contain more than eight times as many satellites as the total number currently in orbit.

That move added to the worries of many astronomers.

When James Lowenthal, an astronomer at Smith College, first saw the train of Starlink satellites marching like false stars across the night sky in the spring, he knew something had shifted.

“I felt as if life as an astronomer and a lover of the night sky would never be the same,” he said.

Most of the first Starlink nodes have since moved to higher orbits and are now invisible for most of us who live under bright city lights. But they are still noticeable from places with dark skies. If thousands more of these satellites are launched, Dr. Lowenthal said he feared “it will look as if the whole sky is crawling with stars.”

Since May, the American Astronomical Society has convened an ad hoc committee with Dr. Lowenthal and other experts to discuss their concerns with SpaceX representatives once a month.

At the same time, SpaceX has been working directly with the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, a federally funded research center that operates facilities across the world, to jointly minimize potential impacts of Starlink satellites on radio wavelengths that astronomers use.

But these conversations did not focus on light pollution, a problem presented by the reflective surfaces of proposed satellite constellations such as Starlink. At first, SpaceX said the complication would be minimal, and the new committee is trying to assess the impact and actively find solutions.

“So far, they’ve been quite open and generous with their data,” Dr. Lowenthal said. “But they have not made any promises.”

A spokeswoman from SpaceX said the company was taking steps to paint the Earth-facing bases of the satellites black to reduce their reflectiveness. But Anthony Tyson, an astronomer at the University of California, Davis, said that wouldn’t solve the problem.

Dr. Tyson is the chief scientist for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope — a 27-foot, billion-dollar telescope under construction in Chile that will scan the entire sky every three days. The survey, the world’s largest yet, will help astronomers better understand dark energy, dark matter, the origin of the Milky Way and the outer regions of the solar system. But because it is designed to scan faint objects, it is expected to be greatly affected by the satellites.

Dr. Tyson’s simulations showed that the telescope would pick up Starlink-like objects even if they were darkened. And they wouldn’t just affect a single pixel in a photograph. When there is a single bright object in the image, it can create fainter artifacts as well because of internal reflections within the telescope’s detector. Moreover, whenever a satellite photobombs a long-exposure image, it causes a bright streak of light that can cross directly in front of an object astronomers wish to observe.

“It’s really a mess,” Dr. Tyson said.

Knowing how challenging it would be to correct these interrupted images, Dr. Tyson decided the best step forward was to set the telescope to avoid Starlink satellites. While simulations based on the earlier 12,000-satellite total suggested that would be possible, SpaceX’s application for 30,000 additional satellites upset the calculations.

“We’re redoing the models now just to see what’s visible at any one time — and it’s really quite frightening,” said Patrick Seitzer, a professor of astronomy emeritus at the University of Michigan, who has been running similar analyses to determine how many satellites will be visible and when.

His preliminary results suggest that avoiding the satellites would be difficult during twilight — a serious problem given that potentially hazardous asteroids and many objects in the solar system are best seen during this time. The satellites thus limit the ability of astronomers to observe them.

And Dr. Tyson’s early simulations also confirm the potential problems, demonstrating that over the course of a full year, the giant telescope wouldn’t be able to dodge these satellites 20 percent of the time. Instead, those images would be effectively ruined.

SpaceX’s 30,000 satellites might also just be the start as other companies, such as Amazon, Telesat and OneWeb, plan to launch similar mega-constellations.

“If there are lots and lots of bright moving objects in the sky, it tremendously complicates our job,” Dr. Lowenthal said. “It potentially threatens the science of astronomy itself.”

Jonathan McDowell, an astronomer at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics who closely tracks objects in orbit, agrees.

“There is a point at which it makes ground-based astronomy impossible to do,” he said. “I’m not saying Starlink is that point. But if you just don’t worry about it and go another 10 years with more and more mega-constellations, eventually you are going to come to a point where you can’t do astronomy anymore. And so let’s talk about it now.”

While astronomers are starting those conversations, they have little legal recourse. There are no regulations in place to protect the skies against light pollution.

“International space law is pretty wide open,” said Megan Donahue, an astronomer at Michigan State University and the president of the American Astronomical Society. While many astronomers have been concerned about radio interference and space debris, she says light pollution is a bigger concern because there are no rules in place. That means any path forward relies on the good will of SpaceX and other companies.

“It’s more of a philosophical question,” Dr. Donahue said. “It kind of boils down to: How much do I trust corporate good will, and how much would a corporation care about the opinion of people who care about science and astronomy?”























Starlink, svjetlosno zagađenje, članak, Vox.com
The night sky is increasingly dystopian
SpaceX’s satellites are messing up astronomers’ observations. It’s just the beginning.

In the predawn hours of November 18, 2019, Northwestern University astronomer Cliff Johnson noticed a huge swarm of unfamiliar objects streaking across the sky.

That night, Johnson was surveying the Magellanic Clouds — two very dim dwarf galaxies that orbit our own Milky Way galaxy — with the telescopes at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. These galaxies are teaching scientists how stars form, and what happens when two galaxies pass near one another. Johnson was watching them remotely, through a webcam at Fermilab outside of Chicago. “All of a sudden,” he says, “we just start seeing these streaks come across the webcam view. I’ve never seen anything like that.”

The streaks weren’t from the heavens. They were from Earth.

Over five minutes, a train of 19 satellites had crossed into the telescopes’ view, scarring the observation with bright parallel marks, and degrading their scientific value. It didn’t take Johnson and his colleagues long to figure out whose satellites they were: A week earlier, Elon Musk’s SpaceX had launched 60 small satellites into low Earth orbit. Johnson’s colleague, astronomer Clarae Martínez-Vázquez, who was also working that night, vented her frustration on Twitter.

“I am in shock,” she wrote.
Astronomers are accustomed to satellites occasionally passing into view — one at a time. They don’t ruin observations, per se. But it does take some effort to digitally remove them from the final image.

But 19 satellites? That was unprecedented, leading to 15 to 20 percent of the image being “completely lost,” Johnson says.

What’s more, Johnson worries that the swarm was an omen — of a future where just about every telescope observation conducted at twilight is marred by satellite streaks.

Soon, Earth may be blanketed by tens of thousands of satellites, and they’ll greatly outnumber the approximately 9,000 stars that are visible to an unaided human eye.
This is not some distant threat. It’s already happening. SpaceX has already put 240 of these small satellites, collectively called Starlink, in the sky. Sixty were launched this week. That will be followed by more launches, possibly every two weeks.

In all, the company has approval from the Federal Communications Commission to launch 12,000 satellites, and Musk is seeking approval to launch 30,000 more.

SpaceX’s goal is for Starlink satellites to form into a constellation that will provide internet access, for a price, to remote areas of Earth.

And it’s hardly the only company in this market. OneWeb, a UK-based company that also wants to beam internet access from space, is seeking to launch 650 satellites, beginning this January. Amazon wants to launch 3,200 satellites, in a constellation called Kuiper, also with the goal of selling internet access. In the near future, there could be 50,000 or more small satellites encircling the Earth, and for purposes other than delivering internet. Could some company arrange bright satellites in the sky to spell out the name of a popular soda? Maybe. There’s no global ban on space advertising.

These new satellites are small, mass-produced, and orbit very closely to the Earth to ensure the internet connection they provide is speedy. But that closeness also makes them more visible, and brighter in the night sky. “Satellites launched by SpaceX and others will be brighter than 99 percent of the population of objects of all types currently in Earth orbit,” Patrick Seitzer, an astronomer at the University of Michigan who studies orbital debris, tells me by email. He says Starlinks are brighter than other satellites orbiting at the same height. “So it has something to do with the design and attitude [i.e., orientation] of the Starlinks.”

In the long run, this could diminish our view of the universe, create more space debris, and, potentially, deprive humanity of an unblemished view of the night sky. It’s not that the 19 Starlink satellites ruined the entire night of observations, Johnson says. “The fear is that this is going to become the new normal. If we’re really talking about many thousands to tens of thousands of satellites ... that is no longer a small deal.”

What’s more, some worry it may already be too late to fight back.

What the future of the night sky may look like
The deployment of so many satellites is critical to close the connectivity gap. Starlink and its competitors will be able to connect the most remote places in the world (which are also often very poor) to the internet, and therefore, the global economy. That’s revolutionary. The world will be more connected than ever before.

The systems may also prove useful during natural disasters. When a hurricane takes out communications infrastructure on the ground, rescue crews will still be able to access space-based internet.

But it comes with a cost.

Astronomers have done the calculations, and say many of these satellites will be visible to the naked eye, particularly in the time after sunset and before sunrise, when they’ll most strongly catch the glare of the sun.

When there are 50,000 satellites in the sky, “you’ll see the sky crawling,” says Tony Tyson, a University of California Davis astronomer and physicist. “Every square degree will have something crawling in it.”
The Starlink satellites are most visible after they first launch, when they’re closer to the Earth and orbit in close proximity to one another. So what Johnson saw through his webcam view — the train of satellites passing by in quick succession — will repeat after each launch.

But over time, the satellites will climb into higher orbits, where they’ll be slightly less visible, and will spread out from one another.

When they reach their final orbits, Tyson says they’ll still be “visible by dark-adapted eyes in dark locations,” at twilight (after sunset and before sunrise). But “twilight can last most of the night,” he says, depending on your latitude and the time of the year. (Plus, there are a lot of objects in the space — particularly asteroids that are coming from the direction of the sun — that can only be seen at twilight.)

You may be familiar with the problem of light pollution. Most people living near or in urban areas can’t see many stars because city lights cast a glowing haze that obscures the view of all but the brightest of stars.

But the satellites are not creating light pollution. It’s more like sky pollution. In the darker places of Earth, these satellites will be even easier to spot. “It’s pretty dystopian to me,” Johnson says. “This is a problem that’s going to find you wherever you are.”

In the video below, astronomer Michael Vlasov has a sped-up animation of what the night sky might look like when there are 12,000 Starlink satellites in orbit. Keep in mind, this is a YouTube video, and it may not look all that impressive. But you can see how the early night sky, and predawn sky, is peppered with satellites flying across the sky.

Whether you notice them or not in the future may depend on where you live, and your access to a dark sky. “A large percentage of humans living in cities are not going to notice a large difference at all,” Tony Beasley, director of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, says.

There are a lot of other potential concerns about so many satellites in the sky. One is space debris. When a satellite breaks down in space, it just stays up there as junk until gravity pulls it back down to Earth. Already, several Starlink satellites have stopped functioning and are just hanging out up there as debris, where they present a hazard for colliding with other objects in space.

“If you’re going to put up 10,000, or 20,000 or 30,000 satellites, you automatically, instantly intentionally have hundreds of pieces of debris right off the bat,” says Christopher Johnson, space law adviser at the Secure World Foundation, a nonprofit that advocates for the sustainable and peaceful use of space. The more space debris in orbit, the harder it becomes to build and operate equipment there.

More immediately, the constellation satellites are a cause for straight-up alarm among many astronomers. In the next decade, they have been hoping to capture an even wider, deeper view of the cosmos from the Earth. And the satellites will get in the way.

Astronomers are worried they’ll lose important observations
Starlink and similar constellation satellites are different than many of the satellites in orbit in a way that makes them a nuisance to astronomy: They’re very close to Earth. If something is two times lower in orbit, Tyson explains, it’s four times brighter to us on the ground.

Telescopes capture images of the sky with very sensitive cameras. The satellites are so bright, that they overexpose the cameras’ sensors. The effect is like taking an eraser to their images of the night sky, covering their images of the sky with tracts of unusable data.

Along with his work at UC Davis, Tyson is the chief scientist at the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, which was recently renamed the Vera Rubin Observatory. It’s an observatory under construction in Chile with a huge field of view: Its mirrors will be able to capture an area of the sky 40 times the size of the full moon, and spot objects 10 million times fainter than the human eye could see.

Starting in 2023, the $500 million observatory will embark on a 10-year survey of the entire night sky. The project is called the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), which will show the universe in motion, and capture millions of stars evolving over time.

But if there are tens of thousands of satellites in orbit, LSST’s unique view of the universe will be obscured. “There’ll be nowhere where you can take LSST and point it without having one of [the satellites] in the field of view,” Tyson told me in December. “We’re going to see a potentially revolutionary new view onto the transient universe, and instead we’re going to see a haze of streaks.”

SpaceX says it has been working with the astronomy community, and the scientists at the Vera Rubin Observatory in particular, on mitigating the problem. (“Our level of brightness and visibility was a surprise to us,” Patricia Cooper, SpaceX’s vice president of satellite government affairs, told attendees of the recent American Astronomical Society meeting in January.)

Their efforts are being recognized: “SpaceX is setting a very good precedent, I think, trying to do the right thing,” Beasley says. Tyson also believes that SpaceX is “committed to solving the problem” of interference with the Vera Rubin Observatory.

In an experiment, SpaceX deployed a dark coating for the underside of one of its satellites on its previous launch to see if it will be less visible to telescopes. But it’s not guaranteed to work. And meanwhile, the company continues to launch more unaltered bright satellites into space.

It’s not simple to just slap a coat of black paint on the satellites. Too dark, and the satellites will start to absorb excess heat, which could impact their functioning. It still unclear how dark SpaceX will ultimately go. The company is taking an iterative “trial and error” approach, as SpaceX president Gwynne Shotwell told reporters in December.

Meanwhile, astronomers don’t have some mandated right to an unobstructed view of the night sky, and don’t have a forum to voice their complaints. I asked Tyson if astronomers are powerless in protecting their view on the night sky. “We’re definitely powerless,” he says.

There are international protections for radio astronomy, but not optical
The pessimism among astronomers is due to the fact that they have no legal — national or international — protections here.

Simply put: “There are currently no regulations, rules, or guidelines of any sort dealing with the brightness of satellites,” Seitzer says. “Not at the international level, not at the national level anywhere.”

Sure, SpaceX might be willing to work with the scientific community in reducing the brightness of their satellites. But another company, in another country, may not.

To some, that’s an outrage. “The fact that one person, or one company, can take control and completely transform humans’ experience of the night sky, and not just humans, but every organism on Earth … that seems profoundly wrong,” Caitlin Casey, a University of Texas Austin astronomer says.

There is some regulation here, administered in the United States by the FCC, and internationally by the UN’s International Telecommunication Union. But it mostly concerned with telecommunications, and decisions over who gets to use which parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, and for what (and also: making sure the satellites don’t crash into one another). They don’t regulate how the satellites look.

“We are aware from press articles that there have been some concerns raised about the effect of Starlink satellites on observations by astronomers at optical wavelengths,” Will Wiquist, an FCC spokesperson, says in an email. But also admits “this issue has not been raised in any FCC proceedings.”

Casey does some of her work in radio astronomy. That’s where scientists look at the night sky at frequencies our eyes can’t see. Radio astronomy has access to some protected wavelengths that communications companies are not allowed to infringe on. Though, as Casey points out, radio astronomers like to look at all sorts of wavelengths outside of that range. Overall, they’ll have to depend on the goodwill of companies like SpaceX to turn off their satellite transmitters when orbiting over a big radio observatory.

If the satellites aren’t turned off “the scenario is like trying to see a firefly in the vicinity of the sun. It would be incredibly bright,” she says. In the world of radio astronomy, a satellite beaming internet down to Earth might as well be a floodlight.

At least, though, for radio astronomy, there are established channels to voice their concerns over radio use.

But optical astronomy — which looks at the visible light of the universe — does not have international protections. “It doesn’t have a voice,” says Christopher Johnson, a space law adviser at the Secure World Foundation, a nonprofit that advocates for the sustainable and peaceful use of space.

The UN Outer Space Treaty — the world’s governing framework for the use of space — says nothing on the topic of the reflectivity of satellites, nor their impact on astronomy. Even if one country began strictly protecting the night sky from overcrowding, another could ignore those regulations entirely, and spoil the night sky for everyone, Johnson explains.

This is a problem “that falls in the cracks,” Mark Skinner, an astronomer associated with the International Institute of Space Law.

Without regulations, the future could get weird
Without stricter regulations, the future could get even weirder. People could launch bright satellites, to intentionally get the attention of people around the globe. And they already have: In January 2018, a New Zealand company launched a satellite called “humanity star.” It was basically a disco ball in low Earth orbit. Its creators hoped the light from the satellite would “create a shared experience for everyone on the planet.” Many astronomers were not delighted, likening it to “space graffitti.”

Perhaps the humanity star is just a precursor to even bigger and brighter displays in the night sky. There’s no explicit international ban, Wired reports, on advertising in space. There’s at least one company hoping to arrange satellites in the sky to get people to buy more soda. The night sky is enormous, and viewable to everyone on the planet. It’s the perfect billboard.

“There’s a huge driver for us to ring the alarm and try to bring some visibility to this now,” Johnson, of Northwestern, says. “This is just the tip of the iceberg.”

Maybe with some more visibility, astronomers can convince the nations of the world to make sure the night sky remains clear for telescopes. But the fear is, at the end of the day, commercial interests will win over scientific ones. SpaceX “might have good intentions, but they’re still a company, they’re still out to make money,” Johnson says.

The astronomers I spoke with for this story all see the merits of Starlink, and satellite constellations at large. Too much of the world is cut off from internet access. “Astronomers aren’t asking for there to be no Starlink, and for there to be no satellites,” Johnson says. “But to at least do it in a way that takes into account that other people want a night sky.”

The American Astronomical Society recently convened a working group to try to thread this needle. “The goal of Starlink is to provide worldwide internet service, an aspiration we do not want to impede,” working group astronomer Kelsie Krafton writes. “We do not want to give up access to optical observations from the ground.”

Then, there are impacts to changing the night sky that go beyond science or the internet. The night sky, when seen from dark places, represents the ultimate wilderness — a pristine view of nature that humans have barely touched. What does changing that mean?

“Every culture throughout time has valued the night sky, and many peoples have enormously meaningful or practical traditions of naked-eye observation, woven right into their culture,” Kathryn Denning, an anthropologist at York University who studies the ethics of space exploration, writes in an email. Cultural heritage issues, she says, “is taken seriously at the United Nations level, but to my knowledge that hasn’t translated into international rules for visible satellites yet.” Even some animals use starlight for navigation, and it’s hard to know if constellation satellites will have an impact on them, too.

Casey, the UT Austin astronomer, wants the world to know that messing with the night sky removes “the one thing that all humans have had in the past 200,000 years, millions of years, it’s always been there.” That’s not something to be taken lightly.

“My whole attachment to science and pursuing this as a career dates back to seeing the night sky as a child and being mesmerized,” she says. “Astronomy is a unique science: we can’t tinker with things in a lab, experimenting on stars. The entire science is looking up at the sky, and losing that would be tragic.”





















Svemirske kompanije značajno ulažu u 5G tehnologiju, članak, Space.com

Space Companies Are Investing Big in 5G Technology
Satellite internet is going to be a big thing.


Space companies worldwide want to bring more data to your devices, faster than ever before.

Entities ranging from SpaceX to Amazon are launching (or may launch soon) huge numbers of new satellites that can carry the extra bandwidth. And cellular network providers around the world are upgrading their equipment on the ground to meet the expected future demand.

This new technology is being built out for new 5G networks. It's touted as a big leap over current 4G technology, which allows you to do data-intensive things like stream Netflix.
G will be even better, Will Townsend, a senior analyst for market research firm Moors Insight & Strategy, told Space.com. Users will experience less latency, he said. Latency refers to the time it takes to send a packet of data to a receiver (like a cellphone) on a network. 4G networks have about 50 milliseconds of latency, and 5G networks are expected to be 10 times better, with latencies of less than 5 milliseconds.

This will result in a "faster and more responsive" experience, Townsend said in an email. "For consumers, this will equate to faster downloads and a non-buffered video playback experience," he said. "Mobile gamers will appreciate fast responsiveness." Business applications will range from remote manufacturing to telesurgery, he added, and there will be a "richer retail experience bridging online capabilities." The growth of 5G will also help to address the rise of the internet of things, or the proliferation of network-connected, or "smart," devices. There are already smart fridges, stoves and security systems, for example, and consumers are also using wearable devices that share bandwidth on crowded mobile networks.

Meanwhile, businesses have embedded tracking devices in locations such as shipping containers, oil and gas lines, and power generators, with each device providing real-time information on the status of the thing being tracked. This information is meant to make it easier for companies to respond if something breaks and to keep better track of shipments crossing the globe with manufactured goods. Whole industries may change with the rise of connected devices, such as driving (with the use of autonomous vehicles) or factories (with production lines that may be able to monitor themselves).

In the United States, the big four carriers — AT&T, Sprint, T-Mobile and Verizon — have already launched mobile 5G in a handful of metro areas. For example, as of July, Sprint had deployed mobile 5G in parts of Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston, and Kansas City, Missouri, according to an article Townsend wrote for Forbes. And deployment will continue for all carriers through the rest of 2019 and into 2020, he said.

In many cases, however, you won't be able to access the network with your older device. Once the infrastructure equipment is upgraded, consumers will need to buy new cellphones. Check your preferred brand carefully. "Samsung and Android devices will lead Apple by 18 to 24 months in handsets," Townsend said. But there is big potential for carriers, who "are spending billions globally to upgrade the networks because they see the potential in monetizing new services," he added.

On the business side, one of the big arguments for moving to 5G is the ability to participate in "Industry 4.0," or the fourth industrial revolution. This term commonly refers to factories embedded with wireless connectivity in their machines and equipment. Using emerging artificial intelligence, the goal is for the factory to monitor its own production line and to make changes as needed for safety, efficiency or other needs. Some analysts worry that AI could replace jobs and make unemployment rise, while others are optimistic, saying new job opportunities will arise with the new technology.

Which space companies are working on 5G?
Many space entities are rushing to be trendsetters in 5G. For example, SpaceX has received approval to launch nearly 12,000 Starlink internet satellites (and recently applied to loft up to 30,000 more). In May, SpaceX launched its first 60 Starlink craft, which operate at a low-Earth-orbit altitude of about 342 miles (550 kilometers). (For comparison, the International Space Station orbits about 250 miles, or 400 km, above Earth.)

OneWeb has satellite-internet plans as well. The company plans to assemble a constellation of nearly 650 satellites to make web access easier around the world. OneWeb launched the first group of six satellites in February aboard a Soyuz rocket provided by European launch company Arianespace. These satellites circle Earth in near-polar orbits, at an altitude of roughly 750 miles (1,200 km). Amazon and Facebook are among the other companies planning 5G satellite networks.

What are the risks of 5G?
The proliferation of 5G satellites in orbit raises a number of questions from industry observers. A big one is the rising risk of collisions, which could, theoretically, spawn huge populations of orbital debris. The world got an inkling of this risk last month, when a European satellite made a precautionary maneuver to dodge a potential collision with one of the SpaceX Starlink satellites.


There also are worries about radio-frequency interference with all of these coming satellites. Operators of weather satellites, in particular, are concerned about some of the authorized 5G frequencies approaching the 23.8-gigahertz frequency commonly used in weather forecasts. At this bandwidth, "water vapor in the atmosphere gives off a feeble signal," and the satellites can examine humidity in the atmosphere, even if the region is cloudy, Popular Mechanics reported. That said, both NASA and the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration are negotiating with the Federal Communications Commission (which allocates spectrum frequencies to U.S. companies) to protect weather satellites, according to Popular Mechanics.


There's also concern that the abundance of satellites will interfere with sky observations. In June, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) expressed concern that thousands of satellites could interfere with the ability to examine dim and distant objects, not to mention the lives of nocturnal animals. "We do not yet understand the impact of thousands of these visible satellites scattered across the night sky, and despite their good intentions, these satellite constellations may threaten both," IAU officials said in a statement at the time.

As the 5G providers work out these kinks, there may be unpredictable effects of the new mobile technology, Townsend said. "Case in point: 4G LTE brought the capabilities required to make ride sharing a reality; no one really predicted that use case," he said. Townsend called this a positive development, as it "disrupted a multibillion [dollar] taxi cab industry [and] created new income opportunity" for individuals.






















Apel europskih znanstvenika protiv 5G mreže koji upozorava na potencijalno ozbiljne zdravstvene posljedice, članak, jrseco.com
EU 5G Appeal – Scientists warn of potential serious health effects of 5G

In an appeal to the European Union, more than 180 scientists and doctors from 36 countries warn about the danger of 5G, which will lead to a massive increase in involuntary exposure to electromagnetic radiation. The scientists urge the EU to follow Resolution 1815 of the Council of Europe, asking for an independent task force to reassess the health effects.

“We, the undersigned scientists, recommend a moratorium on the roll-out of the fifth generation, 5G, for telecommunication until potential hazards for human health and the environment have been fully investigated by scientists independent from industry. 5G will substantially increase exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) on top of the 2G, 3G, 4G, WiFi etc. for telecommunications already in place. RF-EMF has been proven to be harmful for humans and the environment.”

Link to the full-text PDF

Go to the website

Initiatiators
One of the initiators is Dr. L. Hardell, Professor of Oncology at Örebro University in Sweden. He states: “The telecom industry is trying to roll out technology that may have very real, unintended harmful consequences. Scientific studies, both recently and over many years, have identified harmful effects on health when testing wireless products under realistic conditions. We are very concerned that the increase in radiation exposure by 5G leads to damage that cannot be reversed”.

Hardell: “The fifth generation (5G) of radio frequency radiation is now being developed. This is done without dosimetric determination or study of the possible health effects. The media praise in particular all the possibilities that this technology promises to offer, such as the self-propelled car and Internet of Things (IoT). The consequences for the health of humans, plants and animals are not discussed at all. Politicians, governments and the media are responsible for unbalanced information. Ordinary people are not informed of conflicting opinions about this technological development. Health effects from radio frequency radiation are a non issue in the media, at least in Sweden, but also in most other countries”.

PDF document by Martin L. Pall, PhD, one of the initiators: 5G: Great risk for EU, US and international health – Compelling evidence for eight distinct types of great harm caused by EMF exposures and the mechanism that causes them

EU Reflex study shows DNA damage caused by radiation from wireless devices and mobile phones

5G Network
The expansion of the 5G network, intended to enable faster wireless transmission of larger amounts of data, requires the installation of many more antennas in urban areas. In this way, the scientists argue, there is no longer anyone escaping the potentially harmful effects of radiation. After all, we are already exposed to 2G, 3G, 4G and Wi-Fi radiation.

Industry’s influence on studies and safety limits
It has been shown that studies on the health impact of electromagnetic radiation in the past have often been influenced by industry. The scientists insist that independent studies on the effects of 5G radiation “to ensure the safety of the population” should now be carried out. They therefore ask the European Commission to postpone the expansion of the 5G network “until the potential risks to human health and the environment have been thoroughly investigated by scientists independent of industry”.

Problems with official ICNIRP exposure limits for electromagnetic radiation

“In conclusion, this article demonstrates that the EU has given mandate to a 13member, nongovernmental private group, the ICNIRP, to decide upon the RF radiation guidelines. The ICNIRP, as well as SCENIHR, are well shown not to use the sound evaluation of science on the detrimental effects of RF radiation, which is documented in the research … These two small organizations are producing reports which seem to deny the existence of scientific published reports on the related risks.” – Appeals that matter or not on a moratorium on the deployment of the fifth generation, 5G, for microwave radiation, L. Hardell & R. Nyberg, MOLECULAR AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 3 Jan 2020.

How much is safe? Radiation authorities rely on controversial group for safety advice – Investigate Europe

FCC: Captured Agency

Response of the European Commission
In question E-003975/2018, Nicola Caputo (S&D) asked the European Commission whether it intends to set up a European task force of independent and impartial scientists on electromagnetic fields to examine the health risks. In her reply the European Commission states that ‘under Article 168 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, the primary responsibility for protecting the public from potential harmful effects of electromagnetic fields remains with the Member States, including the choice of measures to be adopted based on age and health status.’

In question P-001526-19 Michčle Rivasi (Verts/ALE) asked for an assessment of biological and health impact of 5G: “The 5G Infrastructure Public Private Partnership project (5G PPP) is the world’s largest project of its kind, with EUR 700 million in EU funding. The rollout of 5G will expose people to increased microwave and radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. … Will the 5G PPP fund any study on the biological impact of 5G radiation? Will the Commission conduct any prior impact assessment on the launching of 5G in the EU, in particular as regards human health? Could it explain how an impact assessment would be conducted, or if one has already taken place, could it provide details on how it was done?”

Insurance companies
Insurer Swiss Re: electromagnetic radiation highest risk category

Major Austrian insurer AUVA finds effects of cell phones on DNA, EEG and human proteins

Lloyd’s insurance company does not cover health damage caused by electromagnetic radiation

Slovenia halts 5G to Investigate Health and Safety
“Slovenia stops the introduction of 5G technology: We do not know if it is dangerous to humans”. In Slovenia 5G had been halted, officials take more time to investigate health effects of the new technology. A letter from Minister Rudi Medved states they will reopen the debate on potential health risks.

Netherlands: Parliament asks for independent investigation on 5G health risks
In the Netherlands, the Parliament is concerned about the health risks of radiation from the new 5G network. Political parties urgently want to know what the state of affairs is regarding possible dangers before masts are installed on a large scale. GroenLinks urged the Health Council of the Netherlands to carry out an independent investigation into 5G radiation. Member of parliament Laura Bromet: We still do not know about the dangers to public health. Little research has been undertaken into the effects of 5G. We have to take people’s concerns seriously and investigate this.

Resolution opposing 5G by the municipality of Rome
The Rome resolution asks “the mayor to stop the 5G trial and not to raise the limit values in the threshold of electromagnetic radiation avoiding the positioning of millimeter microwave antennas on homes, schools, day centers, recreation centers, street lamps and more.” Rome Councilor Massimiliano Quaresima stated, “I am in favor of technological progress but not on the experimentation of 5G technology in the absence of scientific data on the repercussions for health.”

Germans petition Parliament to stop 5G auction on health grounds
A petition asking the German Parliament to stop the award of 5G frequencies has reached 54,643 signatures, surpassing the quorum, reports ‘Diagnose: Funk’. The petioners request the German Parliament to suspend the procedure to award 5G frequencies based on scientifically justified doubts about the safety of this technology.

Debate in England on health related effects of electromagnetic fields and 5G.
A very powerful speech on the risks of 5G by MP Tonia Antoniazzi at Westminster Hall.

“We can no longer hide and pretend it is not happening and this cannot be swept under the carpet”





















APEL EU ZNANSTVENIKA PROTIV 5G MREŽE, puni tekst:

https://www.jrseco.com/wp-content/uploads/2017-09-13-Scientist-Appeal-5G-Moratorium.pdf

LINK NA PDF APELA
DOBRO JE ČITATI APEL SA LINKA,
JER JE PREPUN DALJNIH POVEZNICA SA ČLANCIMA I OBJAŠNJENJIMA.


Scientists and doctors warn of potential serious health effects of 5G
September 13, 2017
We the undersigned, more than 180 scientists and doctors from 36 countries, recommend a moratorium
on the roll-out of the fifth generation, 5G, for telecommunication until potential hazards for human
health and the environment have been fully investigated by scientists independent from industry. 5G will
substantially increase exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) on top of the 2G, 3G,
4G, Wi-Fi, etc. for telecommunications already in place. RF-EMF has been proven to be harmful for humans and the environment.
(Note: Blue links below are references.)
5G leads to massive increase of mandatory exposure to wireless radiation
5G technology is effective only over short distance. It is poorly transmitted through solid material.
Many new antennas will be required and full-scale implementation will result in antennas every 10 to 12
houses in urban areas, thus massively increasing mandatory exposure.
With ”the ever more extensive use of wireless technologies,” nobody can avoid to be exposed. Because on top of the increased number of 5G-transmitters (even within housing, shops and in hospitals)
according to estimates, ”10 to 20 billion connections” (to refrigerators, washing machines, surveillance
cameras, self-driving cars and buses, etc.) will be parts of the Internet of Things. All these together can
cause a substantial increase in the total, long term RF-EMF exposure to all EU citizens.
Harmful effects of RF-EMF exposure are already proven
Over 230 scientists from more than 40 countries have expressed their “serious concerns” regarding
the ubiquitous and increasing exposure to EMF generated by electric and wireless devices already before
the additional 5G roll-out. They refer to the fact that ”numerous recent scientific publications have shown
that EMF affects living organisms at levels well below most international and national guidelines”. Effects
include increased cancer risk, cellular stress, increase in harmful free radicals, genetic damages, structural
and functional changes of the reproductive system, learning and memory deficits, neurological disorders,
and negative impacts on general well-being in humans. Damage goes well beyond the human race, as there
is growing evidence of harmful effects to both plants and animals.
After the scientists’ appeal was written in 2015 additional research has convincingly confirmed serious health risks from RF-EMF fields from wireless technology. The world’s largest study (25 million US
dollar) National Toxicology Program (NTP), shows statistically significant increase in the incidence of brain
and heart cancer in animals exposed to EMF below the ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing
Radiation Protection) guidelines followed by most countries. These results support results in human epidemiological studies on RF radiation and brain tumour risk. A large number of peer-reviewed scientific reports demonstrate harm to human health from EMFs.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the cancer agency of the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2011 concluded that EMFs of frequencies 30 KHz – 300 GHz are possibly carcinogenic
to humans (Group 2B). However, new studies like the NTP study mentioned above and several epidemiological investigations including the latest studies on mobile phone use and brain cancer risks confirm that
RF-EMF radiation is carcinogenic to humans.

The EUROPA EM-EMF Guideline 2016 states that ”there is strong evidence that long-term exposure
to certain EMFs is a risk factor for diseases such as certain cancers, Alzheimer's disease, and male infertility…Common EHS (electromagnetic hypersensitivity) symptoms include headaches, concentration difficulties, sleep problems, depression, lack of energy, fatigue, and flu-like symptoms.”
An increasing part of the European population is affected by ill health symptoms that have for
many years been linked to exposure to EMF and wireless radiation in the scientific literature. The
International Scientific Declaration on EHS & multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), Brussels 2015, declares
that: "In view of our present scientific knowledge, we thereby stress all national and international bodies and institutions...to recognize EHS and MCS as true medical conditions which acting as sentinel diseases
may create a major public health concern in years to come worldwide i.e. in all the countries implementing
unrestricted use of electromagnetic field-based wireless technologies and marketed chemical substances…
Inaction is a cost to society and is not an option anymore… we unanimously acknowledge this serious hazard to public health…that major primary prevention measures are adopted and prioritized, to face this
worldwide pan-epidemic in perspective."
Precautions
The Precautionary Principle (UNESCO) was adopted by EU 2005: ”When human activities may lead
to morally unacceptable harm that is scientifically plausible but uncertain, actions shall be taken to avoid or
diminish that harm.”
Resolution 1815 (Council of Europe, 2011): ”Take all reasonable measures to reduce exposure to
electromagnetic fields, especially to radio frequencies from mobile phones, and particularly the exposure to
children and young people who seem to be most at risk from head tumours…Assembly strongly recommends that the ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) principle is applied, covering both the so-called
thermal effects and the athermic [non-thermal] or biological effects of electromagnetic emissions or radiation” and to ”improve risk-assessment standards and quality”.
The Nuremberg code (1949) applies to all experiments on humans, thus including the roll-out of 5G
with new, higher RF-EMF exposure. All such experiments: ”should be based on previous knowledge (e.g., an
expectation derived from animal experiments) that justifies the experiment. No experiment should be conducted, where there is an a priori reason to believe that death or disabling injury will occur; except, perhaps, in those experiments where the experimental physicians also serve as subjects.” (Nuremberg code
pts 3-5). Already published scientific studies show that there is ”a priori reason to believe” in real health
hazards.
The European Environment Agency (EEA) is warning for ”Radiation risk from everyday devices" in
spite of the radiation being below the WHO/ICNIRP standards. EEA also concludes: ”There are many examples of the failure to use the precautionary principle in the past, which have resulted in serious and often
irreversible damage to health and environments…harmful exposures can be widespread before there is
both 'convincing' evidence of harm from long-term exposures, and biological understanding [mechanism]
of how that harm is caused.”
“Safety guidelines” protect industry — not health
The current ICNIRP ”safety guidelines” are obsolete. All proofs of harm mentioned above arise although the radiation is below the ICNIRP "safety guidelines". Therefore new safety standards are necessary.
The reason for the misleading guidelines is that “conflict of interest of ICNIRP members due to their relationships with telecommunications or electric companies undermine the impartiality that should govern the


regulation of Public Exposure Standards for non-ionizing radiation…To evaluate cancer risks it is necessary
to include scientists with competence in medicine, especially oncology.”
The current ICNIRP/WHO guidelines for EMF are based on the obsolete hypothesis that ”The critical
effect of RF-EMF exposure relevant to human health and safety is heating of exposed tissue.” However,
scientists have proven that many different kinds of illnesses and harms are caused without heating (”nonthermal effect”) at radiation levels well below ICNIRP guidelines.
We urge EU:
1) To take all reasonable measures to halt the 5G RF-EMF expansion until independent scientists
can assure that 5G and the total radiation levels caused by RF-EMF (5G together with 2G, 3G, 4G,
and WiFi) will not be harmful for EU-citizens, especially infants, children and pregnant women, as
well as the environment.
2) To recommend that all EU countries, especially their radiation safety agencies, follow Resolution
1815 and inform citizens, including, teachers and physicians, about health risks from RF-EMF radiation, how and why to avoid wireless communication, particularly in/near e.g., daycare centers,
schools, homes, workplaces, hospitals and elderly care.
3) To appoint immediately, without industry influence, an EU task force of independent, truly impartial EMF-and-health scientists with no conflicts of interest1
to re-evaluate the health risks and:
a) To decide about new, safe “maximum total exposure standards” for all wireless communication
within EU.
b) To study the total and cumulative exposure affecting EU-citizens.
c) To create rules that will be prescribed/enforced within the EU about how to avoid exposure exceeding new EU ”maximum total exposure standards” concerning all kinds of EMFs in order to protect citizens, especially infants, children and pregnant women.
4) To prevent the wireless/telecom industry through its lobbying organizations from persuading EUofficials to make decisions about further propagation of RF radiation including 5G in Europe.
5) To favor and implement wired digital telecommunication instead of wireless.
We expect an answer from you no later than October 31, 2017 to the two first mentioned signatories about
what measures you will take to protect the EU-inhabitants against RF-EMF and especially 5G radiation. This
appeal and your response will be publicly available.
Respectfully submitted,
Rainer Nyberg, EdD, Professor Emeritus (Ĺbo Akademi), Vasa, Finland (NRNyberg@abo.fi)
Lennart Hardell, MD, PhD, Professor (assoc) Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden (lennart.hardell@regionorebrolan.se)

1
Avoid similar mistakes as when the Commission (2008/721/EC) appointed industry supportive members for
SCENIHR, who submitted to EU a misleading SCENIHR report on health risks, giving telecom industry a clean bill to
irradiate EU-citizens. The report is now quoted by radiation safety agencies in EU.


Signatories to Scientists’ 5G Appeal
(POTPISNICI APELA)
Note: The endorsements are personal and not necessarily supported
by the affiliated universities or organizations.
EU and European Nations
AUSTRIA
Gerd Oberfeld, MD, Public Health Officer, Salzburg
BELGIUM
Marie-Claire Cammaerts, Dr, retired, Free University of Brussels, Bruxelles
BULGARIA
Marko Markov, Professor Emeritus, Ph.D. in biophysics, Sofia University, Research international
CYPRUS
Stella Canna Michaelidou, Dr, Chemist Expert on Environment, Health and Food Safety, President of the
Cyprus National Committee on Environment and Children's Health
FINLAND
Marjukka Hagström, LL.M, M.Soc.Sc., Senior researcher, The Finnish Electrosensitivity
Foundation, Turku
Osmo Hänninen, PhD, Professor Emeritus, Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Eastern Finland; Editor-In-Chief, Pathophysiology, Kuopio
Georgiy Ostroumov, PhD (in the field of RF EMF), independent researcher
FRANCE
Marc Arazi, MD, Physician (Whistleblower on Phonegate international scandal), Nogent-sur-Marne
Dominique Belpomme, MD, MSc, Full Professor in Medical Oncology; Director of ECERI, Paris
University, Paris & European Cancer and Environment Research Institute, Brussels
Philippe Irigaray, PhD, Scientific Director, Association for Research on Treatment against Cancer
(ARTAC), Paris; European Cancer and Environment Research Institute (ECERI), Brussels
Vincent Lauer, Ing. ECP, Independent Researcher, La Chapelle sur Erdre
Annie J Sasco, MD, DrPH, Former Director of Research, French National Institute of Health
and Medical Research, Former Chief of Epidemiology for Cancer Prevention at the International
Agency for Research on Cancer and Former Acting Chief of Program for Cancer Control, World
Health Organization, Bordeaux
GERMANY
Franz Adlkofer, MD, Professor, Pandora-Foundation for Independent Research
Christine Aschermann, MD (retired) member of the Kompetenzinitiative e.V., Leutkirch
Mario Babilon, Dr. rer. nat., Professor, Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University Stuttgart
Wolf Bergmann, Dr. med., Kompetenzinitiative zum Schutz von Mensch, Umwelt und Demokratie
e.V., Freiburg
Rainer Frentzel-Beyme, MD, Professor emeritus, University of Bremen.
Helmut Breunig, Diploma degree in forestry, Specialty: Radio frequency injuries on trees around phone
masts, Osterode am Harz
Klaus Buchner, Dr. rer. nat., Professor, MEP – Member of the European Parliament,
Kompetenzinitiative zum Schutz von Mensch, Umwelt und Demokratie e.V., München


Horst Eger, Dr. med., Ärztlicher Qualitätszirkel ”Elektromagnetische Felder in der Medizin -
Diagnostik, Therapie, Umwelt”, Naila
Karl Hecht, Dr, Professor of pathophysiology and neurophysiology (Emeritus of the Medical center
Charite), Berlin
Peter Hensinger, MA, diagnose:funk, consumer protection organisation, Stuttgart
Markus Kern, Dr. med., Kompetenzinitiative zum Schutz von Mensch, Umwelt und Demokratie
e.V., Kempten
Florian M. König, Dr.Sc. Man. Dir. & Science Header of the Company/Institute "Florian König
Enterprises GmbH”
Andrea Leute, Dr. med., Ärzteinitiative Mobilfunk Allgäu-Bodensee-Oberschwaben, Überlingen
Martin Lion, Dr. med., Allgemeinmedizin - Homöopathie, Ulm
Peter Ludwig, Dr. phil., Kompetenzinitiative zum Schutz von Mensch, Umwelt und Demokratie
e.V., Saarbrücken
Willi Mast, Dr., Arzt für Allgemeinmedizin und Innere Medizin, Gelsenkirchen
Joachim Mutter, Dr. med., Paracelsus Clinic / Switzerland, Kompetenzinitiative zum Schutz von
Mensch, Umwelt und Demokratie e.V., Murg
Gertraud Teuchert-Noodt, Dr., Professorin der Neurobiologie i.R., Universität Bielefeld
Peter Ohnsorge, Dr. med., European Academy for Environmental Medicine
Karl Richter, Dr. phil., Professor, Kompetenzinitiative zum Schutz von Mensch, Umwelt und
Demokratie e.V., St. Ingbert
Claus Scheingraber, Dr. med. dent., German Working Group Electro-Biology, Brunnthal,
Cornelia Waldmann-Selsam, Dr.med., Competence Initiative for the Protection of Humanity,
Environment and Democracy e.V., Bamberg
Werner Thiede, Dr. theol., Professor, Pfarrer der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Landeskirche in
Bayern und Publizist, Neuhausen
Helmut Wagner, Dr. med., Ophthalmologist, Stuttgart
Harald Walach, Professor, PhD in psychology, PhD in theory and history of science, Change Health Science
Institute, Berlin; affiliation: Witten-Herdecke University, Poznan Medical University, Poland
Ulrich Warnke, Dr.rer.nat., Academic Superior Council (retired) University of Saarland
Isabel Wilke, Diplom-Biologin, Editor ElektrosmogReport, Kassel/Berlin
Roland Wolff, Dipl.-Phys., Medical Physicist, Bremen
Ortwin Zais, PhD (Dr. med.), European Academy for Environmental Medicine
GREECE
Christos Georgiou, PhD, Member, Scientific Secretariat of ICEMS; Professor of Biochemistry, Biology Department, University of Patras, Patras
Theodore P. Metsis, PhD, Electrical, Mechanical, Environmental Engineer, Consultant, Athens
ITALY
Domenico Agrusta, Medicine and surgery, specialist in dentistry (Odontostomatologia) selfemployed, Member of ISDE, Taranto
Fernanda Amicarelli, Full Professor in Applied Biology, Department of Life, Health and
Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L'Aquila
Fiorella Belpoggi, Dr., Director, Research Department, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna
Sergio Bernasconi, Full Professor of Pediatrics, former Director, Pediatric Department, Editor
emeritus: Italian Journal of Pediatrics, University of Parma
Dr Franco Berrino, MD, PhD, former Director, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine,
Istitutonazionale dei Tumori, Milan
Ernesto Burgio, MD, Pediatrician, ECERI – European Cancer and Environment Research Institute (Bruxelles)
Dr Franco Cherubini, Degree in medicine and surgery, Self-employed, Vetralla
Dott. Agostino Di Ciaula, President of Scientific Committee, Italian Society of Doctors for the
Environment - ISDE Italy, Arezzo


Dott. Andrea Cormano, MD, Italian Society of Doctors for the Environment - ISDE, Benevento
Ugo Corrieri, Degree in medicine and surgery at Universitŕ Cattolica del S. Cuore, Teacher at
Scuola Romana di Psicoterapia Familiare, President of ISDE-Doctors for the Environment in Grosseto, Coordinator of ISDE-Doctors for the Environment for Central Italy, Grosseto- Rome
Dr Patrizia Difonte, Physician, Surgeon, General practitioner and occupational medicine,
Associazione Italiana Elettrosensibili, Lonate Pozzolo (Varese)
Anna Maria Falasconi, Medical Doctor, Primary Care Pediatrician, National Health System, Rome
Dott. Filippo Maria di Fava, Laurea in Medicina e Chirurgia, Libero professionista, Roma
Dr. Mario Frusi, MD, medico, Cuneo
Dr. Stefano Gallozzi, Astrophysician and technologist at the INAF Italian National Astrophysical Institute in
the Observatory, President of the Comitato di Tutela e Salvaguardia dell'Ambiente in Monte Porzio
Catone (ONLUS association), Rome
Dott. Roberto Gava, Pharmacologist and Toxicologist, ISDE, Padua
Teresa Pia Anna Maria Del Gaudio, Degree in Medicine and Surgery, specialist in pediatrics,
Medical Manager, ASL Salerno, Roccagloriosa (SA), Italy
Valerio Gennaro, MD, PhD, Head ,Liguria Mesothelioma Registry (COR Liguria), UO Clinical
Epidemiology (IST Nord - CBA); IRCCS Policlinico Ospedale San Martino National Cancer Research
Institute (IST), Genoa
Patrizia Gentilini, Degree in Medicine ( specialization in Oncology and Hematology). ISDE
(International Society Doctor’s for Environment), FORLI’
Livio Giuliani, PhD, Professor, Universitŕ dell'Abruzzo - Corso di Laurea in Fisiatria, Chieti
Angelo Levis, PhD. Professor, Biologist, University of Padua
Roberto Lucchini, MD, Professor of Occupational Medicine, University of Brescia
Salvatore Magazů,PhD, Full Professor of Experimental Physics, Dipartimento di Scienze
Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Universitŕ di Messina
Fiorenzo Marinelli, PhD, Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM), National Research Council (CNR), Member
of the International Commission for Electromagnetic Safety (ICEMS), Bologna,
Antonio Maria Pasciuto, Degree in Medicine and Surgery, Specialist in Internal Medicine,
President of ASSIMAS (Associazione Italiana Medicina Ambiente e Salute), Rome
Dott. Carlo Ratti, MD, Ordine dei Medici della SPEZIA, Genova
Ruggero Ridolfi, MD, Oncologist Endocrinologist, ISDE, Forlě-Cesena,
Dr. Med. Sandro Rinaldi, Laurea in medicina e chirurgia; specializzazione in Allergologia;
specializzazione in Ematologia. Medico di medicina generale convenzionato con l'Azienda
Sanitaria di Bolzano, Terlano (BZ)
Massimo Melelli Roia, MD, Italian Society of Doctors for the Environment - ISDE, Perugia
Dott. Roberto Romizi, President, Italian Society of Doctors for the Environment - ISDE, Arezzo
Dott.ssa Ida Santellocco, MD, Medico chirurgo, Pediatria, medico chirurgo - pediatra, Roma
Massimo Scalia, Coordinator of the Bioelectromagnetism Section of CIRPS (Interuniversity
Research Center for Sustainable Development)
Alessandro Solerio, Degree in Medicine and Surgery, Self-employed, homeopath, Sanremo
Franco Verzella, MD, physician, practice dedicated to autistic children, Bologna,
Myriam Zucca, Dr. ssa, Medical Director, Dermatology, Cagliari University Hospital, Sardinia
MALTA
Pierre Mallia, MD PhD CBiol MPhil MA(Law) DipICGP MMCFD MRCP FRCGP, Professor of Family
Medicine, Bioethics & Patients’ Rights; Chairperson National Health Ethics Committee,
Dept. of Health Coordinator Bioethics Research Programme, Univ. of Malta; President,
Malta College of Family Doctors
NETHERLANDS
Hugo Schooneveld, PhD, Retired Associate professor (Wageningen Agricultural University),





Advisor to the Dutch EHS Foundation, former president of 'elektrohypersensitivity’, Wageningen
PORTUGAL
Paulo Vale, PhD, Auxiliary Researcher, Sea and Marine Resources Department, The Portuguese Sea and
Atmosphere Institute, Lisbon
SLOVAKIA
Igor Belyaev, PhD, Dr.Sc, Associate Professor, Cancer Research Institute, BMC SAS, Bratislava
Jan Jakus, MD, PhD, DSc., Professor, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin
Ladislav Janousek, PhD, Professor, Department of Electromagnetic and Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Zilina, Žilina
Michal Teplan, PhD, Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak academy of sciences, Bratislava
SPAIN
Alfonso Balmori, BSc, Master in Environmental Education, Biologist. Junta de Castilla y León,
Valladolid
José Luis Bardasano, PhD, Biologist and Physician, Prof. of Medical Bioelectomagnetism, Department of
Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá. Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
Pilar Muńoz-Calero, MD, President of the Fundación Alborada, Co-director of the Chair of
Pathology and Environment, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
(UCM), Madrid
Miguel Lopez-Lazaro, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville
María Elena López Martín, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC)
Enrique A. Navarro, PhD, Professor, University of Valencia, Valencia
Claudio Gómez-Perretta, MD, PhD, Chief of Section, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia
Ceferino Maestu Unturbe, Ph.D, Prof., Director of the Bioelectromagnetism Laboratory of the
Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM).
SWEDEN
Mikko Ahonen, PhD, researcher, Sundsvall
Michael Carlberg, MSc, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University
Hospital, Örebro
Mikael Eriksson, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Oncology, Skane University, Hospital, Lund
Lena Hedendahl, MD, Independent Environment and Health Research, Luleĺ
Olle Johansson, Associate Professor, Experimental Dermatology Unit, Department of Neuroscience,
Karolinska Institute, Stockholm
Gunilla Ladberg, PhD, Member of the Board of the Swedish association Vĺgbrytaren, Lidingö
Leif G. Salford, MD, PhD, Senior Professor of Neurosurgery, Director of the Rausing Laboratory for
Translational NeuroOncology, Lund University, Lund
Elsy-Britt Schildt, MD, PhD, Senior Consultant, Department of Oncology and Radiation, County Hospital,
Kalmar
Fredrik Söderqvist, PhD, Epidemiologist, Centre for Clinical Research, Uppsala University, Västerĺs
SWITZERLAND
Daniel Favre, Dr. phil., Biologist, Independent Researcher, Brent
Peter Meier, Dr.Med., Facharzt für Innere Medizin FMH, M.Sc. Präventivmedizin, Mitglied der European
Academy for Environmental Medicine, Sissach


UK
Erica Mallery-Blythe, MD, BMBS, Founder of PHIRE (Physicians' Health Initiative for Radiation and
Environment) Trustee Radiation Research Trust, Medical Advisor ORSAA (Oceana
Radiofrequency Advisory Association), Medical Advisor ES-UK, Soton
David Gee, Visiting Fellow, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University,
London
Andrew Goldsworthy, BSc, PhD, Lecturer in Biology (retired), Imperial College London, Monmouth
Isaac Jamieson, PhD, DIC, RIBA, Dip AAS, BSc(Hons) Arch., Biosustainable Design, Aberdeen, UK. International Expert, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.
Alasdair Philips, BSc, DAgE, Professional engineer, Powerwatch
Syed Ghulam Sarwar Shah, MBBS, MA, MSc, PhD , Post-Doctoral Research Fellow, Department of Occupational Health, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Trust; Honorary Research Fellow, Department of Clinical
Sciences, Brunel University, London
Sarah Starkey, PhD, Independent Neuroscience and Environmental Health Research
Andrew Tresidder, MD, MBBS, MRCGP, Somerset GP
Other Nations
ARMENIA
Sinerik Ayrapetyan, PhD, Professor, Life Sciences International Postgraduate Educational Center, UNESCO
Chair in Life Sciences, Yerevan, Head of Research Council and Chairholder of UNESCO Chair
AUSTRALIA
Priyanka Bandara, PhD, Environmental Health Consultant, Castle Hill/Sydney, NSW
Katherine Georgouras, OAM, DDM, FACD, Professor of Dermatology, (semiretired) ,Kenthurst NSW
Ray Kearney OAM, PhD, Honorary Assoc. Professor (retired), Department of Medicine, University of Sydney
Don Maisch, PhD, Independent researcher, author of ”The Procrustean Approach”, Lindisfarne,
Tasmania
May Murray, PhD, Independent Environmental Health researcher, Canberra
Elena Pirogova, PhD, Associate Professor, Biomed Eng, BEng (Hons) Chem En, Discipline of Electrical and
Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University
Charles Teo, AM, MBBS, Professor, Neurosurgeon, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Sydney
Steve Weller, BSc, Founding member of ORSSA, Brisbane
BRAZIL
Orlando Furtado Vieira Filho, PhD, Professor, Cellular & Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio
Grande do Sul
Claudio Enrique Fernández-Rodríguez, PhD, MSEE, Professor, Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, IFRS,
Canoas
Alvaro Augusto A. de Salles, PhD, Full Professor, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto
Alegre
Francisco de Assis Ferreira Tejo (retired) D.Sc., Professor, Grupo de Eletromagnetismo Computacional e
Bioeletromagnetismo, Electrical Engineering Dept, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande
CANADA
Frank Clegg, CEO, Canadians for Safe Technology (C4ST); Former President of Microsoft Canada
Paul Héroux, PhD, Occupational Health Program Director, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University Medicine, Montreal, PQ
Anthony B. Miller, MD, FRCP, Professor Emeritus, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto,


Malcolm Paterson, PhD, Director, Research Initiatives, BC Cancer Agency Sindi Ahluwalia
Hawkins Centre for the Southern Interior, Kelowna, BC
Michael A. Persinger, PhD, Professor, Biomolecular Sciences, Behavioural Neuroscience and Human Studies,
Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario
Magda Havas, Associate Professor, Trent University, Canada
CHINA
Wenjun Sun, PhD, Professor, Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine,
Hangzhou
Minglian Wang, M.M. , PhD, Associate Professor, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology (BJUT), Beijing
COLOMBIA
Carlos Sosa, MD, University of Antioquia, Medellín
EGYPT
Nasr Radwan, Prof. Dr., Cairo University, Faculty of Science, Cairo
INDIA
Ganesh Chandra Jagetia, Professor, Just retired from Department of Zoology, Mizoram University,
Aizawl, Udaipur
Sareesh Naduvil Narayanan, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, RAK College of Medical
Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
R. S. Sharma, PhD, Head, Scientist - G & Sr. DDG, Div. of Reproductive Biology, Maternal & Child Health
and Chief Project Coordinator - EMF Health Project India, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi
IRAN
Amirnader Emami Razavi, PhD, Executive Manager and Principal Investigator of Iran, National Tumor Bank,
Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Dr. Masood Sepehrimanesh, PhD, Assistant Professor, Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center,
Guilan Universtiy of Medical Sciences, Rasht
ISRAEL
Iris Atzmon, MPH, Epidemiology, University of Haifa, Author of ”The Cellular, not what you
thought!", Haifa
Michael Peleg, M.Sc., Radio Communications Engineer and Researcher, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa
Elihu D Richter, MD MPH, Professor, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hebrew
University-Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem
Yael Stein, MD, Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem
Danny Wolf, MD, Pediatrician, Clialit Health Services Raziel, Netanya Herzelia
JAPAN
Hidetake Miyata, PhD, Associate professor, Department of Physics. Tohoku University
JORDAN
Mohammed Saleh Al Salameh, PhD, Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Science
& Technology, Irbid
KOREA (South)
Kiwon Song, PhD, Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul


Young Hwan Ahn, MD PhD, Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, Ajou Univeristy School of
Medicine, Suwon
NEW ZEALAND
Damian Wojcik, MD, MBChB, Medical director/ Northland Environmental health Clinic, Whangare,
Northland
NIGERIA
Aneyo Idowu Ayisat, M.Sc., Lecturer, Environmental Biology Unit, Biological Science Department,
Yaba College of Technology, Yaba, Lagos
OMAN
Dr Najam Siddiqi, MBBS, PhD, Associate Professor of Anatomy, Oman Medical College, Sohar
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Yury Grigoriev, Professor, M. Dr Sci., Federal. Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow
Maxim V. Trushin, PhD, Associate Professor, Kazan Federal University, Kazan
TURKEY
Osman Cerezci, Professor Dr., Dept. Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Sakarya University, Adapazar1
Suleyman Dasdag, PhD, Prof. Dr., Biophysics Department, Medical School, Istanbul Medeniyet University,
Uskudar, Istanbul
Onur Elmas, MD, PhD, Faculty of Medicine, Dept. Of Physiology, Mugla Sitki Kocman
University, Mugla
Ayse Inhan Garip, Assoc. Prof., School of Medicine, Biophysics Dept., Marmara Univ., Istanbul
Suleyman Kaplan, PhD, Professor, President of Turkish Society for Stereology, Board member of Journal
Chemical Neuroanatomy (Elsevier), Board member of Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure
(Elsevier), Department of Histology and Embryology, Ondokuz May1s University, Samsun
Fulya Kunter, Assistant Professor Dr., Dept. Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul
Selim Şeker, Professor Dr., Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Bogazici University
Nesrin Seyhan, Prof. Dr., Gazi University Medical Faculty, Founder Head, Biophysics Department;
Founding Director, Gazi Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Centre (GNRK), Ankara
UKRAINE
Olexandr Tsybulin, PhD, Department of Biophysics, Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University
Igor Yakymenko, Prof. Dr, Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Control
National University of Food Technologies, Kyiv
USA
David O. Carpenter, MD, Director, Institute for Health and the Environment, A Collaborating
Centre of the World Health Organization, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY
Barry Castleman, ScD, Environmental Consultant, Garrett Park, MD
Devra Davis, PhD, MPH, Visiting Prof. Medicine, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical Center & Ondokuz
Mayis University, Medical School (Turkey); Pres., Environmental Health Trust, Teton Village, WY
Paul Doyon, MA, MAT, EMRS, Independent Researcher, Doyon Independent Research, CA
Arthur Firstenberg, B.A., EMF researcher and author, president Cellular Phone Task Force,
New York
Beatrice A. Golomb, MD, PhD, Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA
Peter F. Infante, DrPH, Managing Member, Peter F. Infante Consulting, LLC, VA
Toril H. Jelter, MD, MDI Wellness Center, CA


Elizabeth Kelley, MA, Electromagnetic Safety Alliance, Tucson, AZ
Henry Lai, PhD, Professor Emeritus, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
B. Blake Levitt, medical/science journalist, former New York Times contributor, EMF researcher and author
Trevor G Marshall, ME, PhD, Director, Autoimmunity Research Foundation, CA
Ronald Melnick, PhD, Senior Toxicologist, (Retired RF-section leader) US National Toxicology Program,
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
L. Lloyd Morgan, Senior Research Fellow, Environmental Health Trust, Board Member,
International EMF Alliance (IEMFA), CA
S. M. J. Mortazavi, PhD, Professor of Medical Physics, Visiting Scientist, Fox Chase Cancer
Center, Philadelphia, PA
Joel M. Moskowitz, PhD, Director, Center for Family and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA
Martin Pall, BA, PhD, Professor Emeritus (Biochemistry and basic medicine), Pullman, WA
Jerry L. Phillips, PhD, Exec. Director, Excel Centers, Professor Attendant, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO
Camilla R. G. Rees, MBA, Health Researcher, Author ,"The Wireless Elephant in the Room”’ CEO, Wide Angle Health, Sr. Policy Advisor, National Institute for Science, Law & Public Policy, NY
Cindy Sage, MA, Sage Associates, Co-Editor, BioInitiative Reports, Santa Barbara, CA
Eugene Sobel, PhD, Professor (Retired), University of Southern California School of Medicine, CA
John G. West, MD, Director of Surgery, Breastlink, CA












Tako da, kada vam se sa radija obrate veselo o jako, jako superbrzom cool sve-što-vole-mladi internetu,
i kako bude guba Osječanima jer postaju prvi 5G grad u RH,
ZNAJTE DA TO IMA CIJENU!!!

Ne možete više reći da niste nikad čuli.

Ako netko hoće, prevest ću mu što god želi od goreizloženog, ili bilo čega drugog na engleskom, na hrvatski jezik.




















Jedna zgodna rečenica iz Apela,evo tek tako stavljam, koja mnogo govori:
After the scientists’ appeal was written in 2015 additional research has convincingly confirmed serious health risks from RF-EMF fields from wireless technology.
The world’s largest study (25 million US dollar) National Toxicology Program (NTP),
shows statistically significant increase in the incidence of brain
and heart cancer in animals exposed to EMF below the ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-IonizingRadiation Protection) guidelines
followed by most countries.


ili neka druga rečenica:
The EUROPA EM-EMF Guideline 2016 states that
”there is strong evidence that long-term exposure to certain EMFs is a risk factor
for diseases such as certain cancers,
Alzheimer's disease, and male infertility…
Common EHS (electromagnetic hypersensitivity) symptoms
include headaches, concentration difficulties, sleep problems, depression, lack of energy, fatigue, and flu-like symptoms.”

I tak.