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Ako jednom uđu u Vaš život, teško da ćete moći bez njih i jedan dan. It has been hosted at the National Theater, with screenings at the Open-air theater Metalac and the Bosnian Cultural Center, all located in downtown Sarajevo. The inside the besieged city were poorly equipped and unable to break the siege. Climate data for Sarajevo Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C °F 18.
By 1660, the population of Sarajevo was estimated to be over 80,000. Welcome to Chat Bosnia and Herzegovina, the list of Chat Hour members in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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For other uses, see. Sarajevo : !0@0X52>, pronounced ; see is the capital and largest city of , with a population of 275,524 in its current administrative limits. The , including , and nearby municipalities is home to 555,210 inhabitants. Nestled within the greater Sarajevo valley of , it is surrounded by the and situated along the River in the heart of and the. It is one of only a few major European cities which have a mosque, Catholic church, Orthodox church and synagogue within the same neighborhood. A regional center in education, the city is also home to the Balkans' first institution of tertiary education in the form of an Islamic polytechnic called the Saraybosna Osmanl1 Medrese, today part of the. Although settlement in the area stretches back to prehistoric times, the modern city arose as an stronghold in the 15th century. Sarajevo has attracted international attention several times throughout its history. In 1885, Sarajevo was the first city in Europe and the second city in the world to have a full-time electric tram network running through the city, following San Francisco. In 1914, it was the site of the , which sparked , after which the city experienced a period of stagnation as part of the. The establishment of the within the led to a massive expansion of Sarajevo, the constituent republic's capital, which hosted the. For 1,425 days, from April 1992 to February 1996, the city suffered the , during the and the. Sarajevo has been undergoing , and is the in. The travel guide series, , has named Sarajevo as the 43rd best city in the world, and in December 2009 listed Sarajevo as one of the top ten cities to visit in 2010. In 2011, Sarajevo was nominated to be the in 2014 and will be hosting the. The earliest known name for the large central Bosnian region of today's Sarajevo is. The first mention of name Sarajevo was in 1507 letter written by. The official name during the 400-year Ottoman period was Saraybosna Palace of Bosnia , and it is still known by that name in modern. Sarajevo has had many nicknames. The earliest is Šeher, which is the term Isa-Beg Ishaković used to describe the town he was going to build. As Sarajevo developed, numerous nicknames came from comparisons to other cities in the Islamic world, i. Some argue that a more correct translation of saray is government office or house. It is situated 518 meters 1,699 ft and lies in the Sarajevo valley, in the middle of the. The valley itself once formed a vast expanse of greenery, but gave way to urban expansion and development in the post-World War II era. The city is surrounded by heavily forested hills and five major mountains. The highest of the surrounding peaks is at 2,088 meters 6,850 ft , then mountain at 2,067 meters 6,781 ft , at 1,913 meters 6,276 ft , at 1,627 meters 5,338 ft , with 1,502 meters 4,928 ft being the shortest. The last four are also known as the Olympic Mountains of Sarajevo see also. The city itself has its fair share of hilly terrain, as evidenced by the many steeply inclined streets and residences seemingly perched on the hillsides. The river is one of the city's chief geographic features. It flows through the city from east through the center of Sarajevo to west part of city where eventually meets up with the river. The Bosna's source, near Ilidža west Sarajevo , is another notable natural landmark and a popular destination for Sarajevans and other tourists. Several smaller rivers and streams such as also run through the city and its vicinity. Cityscape Sarajevo is located close to the center of the triangular shape of Bosnia and Herzegovina in southeastern Europe. The city has an urban area of 1,041. Veliki Park Great park is the largest green area in the center of Sarajevo. Climate park is on the city outskirts Sarajevo has a Dfb. Sarajevo's climate exhibits influences of zones, with four seasons and uniformly spread precipitation. The proximity of the moderates Sarajevo's climate somewhat, although the mountains to the south of the city greatly reduce this maritime influence. The highest recorded temperature was 40. On average, Sarajevo has 46 days where the temperature exceeds 32 °C 89. The city typically experiences mildly cloudy skies, with an average yearly of 45%. The cloudiest month is December 75% average cloud cover while the clearest is August 37%. Moderate precipitation occurs fairly consistently throughout the year, with an average 75 days of rainfall. Suitable climatic conditions have allowed to flourish in the region, as exemplified by the that were celebrated in Sarajevo. Climate data for Sarajevo Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C °F 18. Currently, there are no recent direct long-term PM2. Currently, real-time air quality data in the form of PM10, ozone, , and by the. Main article: One of the earliest findings of settlement in the Sarajevo area is that of the Neolithic. The discoveries at were made on the grounds of the modern-day Sarajevo suburb in 1893 by authorities during the construction of an agricultural school. The area's richness in was attractive to Neolithic humans, and the settlement flourished. The settlement developed unique ceramics and pottery designs, which characterize the as a unique culture, as described at the International Congress of Archaeologists and meeting in Sarajevo in 1894. The next prominent culture in Sarajevo were the. The ancient people, who considered most of the West as their homeland, had several key settlements in the region, mostly around the river and the Sarajevo valley. The Illyrians in the Sarajevo region belonged to the , the last Illyrian people in Bosnia and Herzegovina to resist occupation. Their defeat by the emperor in 9 A. The Romans never built up the region of modern-day Bosnia, but the of Aquae Sulphurae was located near the top of present-day , and was the most important settlement of the time. After the Romans, the settled the area, followed by the in the 7th century. Middle Ages See also: During the Sarajevo was part of the Bosnian province of Vrhbosna near the traditional center of the. Though a city named Vrhbosna existed, the exact settlement in Sarajevo at this time is. Various documents note a place called Tornik in the region, most likely in the area of neighborhood. By all indications, Tornik was a very small marketplace surrounded by a proportionally small village, and was not considered very important by merchants. Other scholars say that Vrhbosna was a major town located in the wider area of modern-day Sarajevo. Disciples of the notable saints and stopped in the region, founding a church near. Whether or not the town was located somewhere in the area of modern-day Sarajevo, the documents attest to its and the region's importance. There was also a citadel north-east to , dating from around 1263 until it was occupied by the in 1429. Sarajevo was founded by the in the 1450s upon its conquest of the region, with 1461 used as the city's founding date. With the improvements Sarajevo quickly grew into the largest city in the region. By the the settlement was established as a city, named Bosna-Saraj, around the citadel in 1461. The name Sarajevo is derived from Turkish saray ovas1, meaning the field around saray. Following the at the end of the 15th century, and the invitation from the Ottoman Empire to resettle their population, arrived in Sarajevo, which over time would become a leading center of Sephardic culture and the. Though relatively small in size, a Jewish quarter would develop over several blocks in. Many local Christians converted to Islam at this time. Under leaders such as the second governor , Sarajevo grew at a rapid rate. Husrev-beg greatly shaped the physical city, as most of what is now the Old Town was built during his reign. Sarajevo became known for its large marketplace and numerous mosques, which by the middle of the 16th century numbered more than 100. At the peak of the empire, Sarajevo was the biggest and most important Ottoman city in the Balkans after. By 1660, the population of Sarajevo was estimated to be over 80,000. By contrast, in 1838 had 12,963 inhabitants, and as late as 1851 had 14,000 people. As political conditions changed, Sarajevo became the site of warfare. In 1697, during the , a raid was led by of the against the Ottoman Empire, which conquered Sarajevo and left it plague-infected and burned to the ground. After his men had looted thoroughly, they set the city on fire and destroyed nearly all of it in one day. Only a handful of neighborhoods, some mosques, and an , were left standing. Numerous other fires weakened the city, which was later rebuilt but never fully recovered from the destruction. By 1807, it had only some 60,000 residents. In the 1830s, several battles of the had taken place around the city. These had been led by. Today, a major city street is named Zmaj od Bosne Dragon of Bosnia in his honor. The rebellion failed and for several more decades the Ottoman state remained in control of Bosnia. The Ottoman Empire made Sarajevo an important administrative centre by 1850. The word Baščaršija derives from the. Sarajevo was industrialized by Austria-Hungary, who used the city as a testing area for new inventions such as , which were established in 1885 before they were later installed in. Architects and engineers wanting to help rebuild Sarajevo as a modern European capital rushed to the city. A fire that burned down a large part of the central city area čaršija left more room for redevelopment. As a result, the city has a unique blend of the remaining Ottoman city market and contemporary western architecture. Sarajevo also has some examples of Secession- and Pseudo- styles that date from this period. The period was one of great development for the city, as the Western power brought its new acquisition up to the standards of the. Various factories and other buildings were built at this time, and a large number of institutions were both Westernized and modernized. For the first time in history, Sarajevo's population began writing in. For the first time in centuries, the city significantly expanded outside its traditional borders. Much of the city's contemporary central municipality was constructed during this period. Architecture in Sarajevo quickly developed into a wide range of styles and buildings. The , for example, was constructed using elements of and. The National Museum, Sarajevo brewery, and City Hall were also constructed during this period. Additionally, Austrian officials made Sarajevo the first city in this part of Europe to have a. Although the Bosnia Vilayet remained part of the Ottoman Empire, it was governed as with the Ottomans having no say in its day-to-day governance. This lasted until 1908 when the territory was formally annexed and turned into a , jointly controlled by both Austrian and Hungarian. In the event that triggered World War I, , along with his wife in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914 by a self-declared Yugoslav, , a member of. In response, many residents of Sarajevo organized , killing two and destroying their property. In the ensuing war, however, most of the Balkan offensives occurred near Belgrade, and Sarajevo largely escaped damage and destruction. Following the war, after the Balkans were unified under the , and Sarajevo became the capital of. Though it held some political significance as the center of first the Bosnian region and then the Drinska Banovina, the city was no longer a national capital and saw a decline in global influence. During World War II the Kingdom of Yugoslavia's army was overrun by German and Italian forces. Following a German bombing campaign, Sarajevo was captured on 15 April 1941 by the. The Axis powers created the and included Sarajevo in its territory. Immediately following the occupation, the main Sephardi Jewish synagogue, , was looted, burned, and destroyed by the Nazis with assistance from a handful of local Bosniaks. Within a matter of months, the centuries-old Sephardi and Ashkenazi Jewish communities of Sarajevo, comprising the vast majority of Bosnian Jewry, would be rounded up in the Old Synagogue Stari hram and deported to their deaths in. Roughly 85% of Bosnia's Jewish population would perish at the hands of the Nazis and the Ustaše during the. The was the most important artifact which survived this period, smuggled out of Sarajevo and saved from the Nazis and Ustaše by the chief librarian of the National Museum, Derviš Korkut. On 12 October 1941, a group of 108 notable Bosniak citizens of Sarajevo signed the by which they condemned the organized by the Ustaše, made a distinction between the Bosniaks who participated in such persecutions and the rest of the Bosniak population, presented information about the persecutions of Bosniaks by Serbs, and requested security for all citizens of the country, regardless of their identity. By mid-summer 1942, around 20,000 Serbs found refuge in Sarajevo from Ustaše terror. The city was bombed by the Allies from 1943 to 1944. The movement was represented in the city. In period February — May 1945 set up Ustaše headquarters in a building known as and used it as torture and execution place whose 323 victims were identified after the war. Resistance was led by , who died while leading the liberation of the city on 6 April 1945. After the war, Sarajevo was the capital of the within the. The Republic Government invested heavily in Sarajevo, building many new residential blocks in and Municipality, while simultaneously developing the city's industry and transforming Sarajevo into a modern city. Sarajevo grew rapidly as it became an important regional industrial center in Yugoslavia. Between the end of the war and the end of Yugoslavia, the city grew from a population of 115,000 to more than 600,000 people. A crowning moment of Sarajevo's time in Socialist Yugoslavia was the. The games were followed by a tourism boom, making the 1980s one of the city's most prosperous decades. The for independence resulted in large-scale destruction and dramatic population shifts during the Siege of Sarajevo between 1992 and 1996. Thousands of Sarajevans lost their lives under the constant bombardment and sniper shooting at civilians by the Serb forces during the siege, the longest siege of a capital city in the history of modern warfare. When Bosnia and Herzegovina declared independence from and achieved United Nations recognition, Serbian leaders declared a new Serbian national state Republika Srpska RS which was carved out from the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Serbian Army encircled Sarajevo with a siege force of 18,000 stationed in the surrounding hills, from which they assaulted the city with artillery, mortars, tanks, anti-aircraft guns, heavy machine-guns, multiple rocket launchers, rocket-launched aircraft bombs, and sniper rifles. From 2 May 1992, the Serbs the city. The inside the besieged city were poorly equipped and unable to break the siege. During the siege, 11,541 people lost their lives, including over 1,500 children. An additional 56,000 people were wounded, including nearly 15,000 children. The 1991 census indicates that before the siege the city and its surrounding areas had a population of 525,980. When the siege ended, the concrete scars caused by mortar shell explosions left a mark that was filled with red resin. After the red resin was placed, it left a floral pattern which led to it being dubbed a. It is also the de jure capital of another entity,. Each of these levels of government has its parliament or council, as well as judicial courts, in the city. In addition many foreign are located in Sarajevo. Sarajevo is home to the , Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina, , the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the operational command of the. Bosnia and Herzegovina's Parliament office in Sarajevo was damaged heavily in the Bosnian War. Due to damage the staff and documents were moved to a nearby ground level office to resume the work. In late 2006, reconstruction work started on the Parliament and was finished in 2007. The cost of reconstruction is supported 80% by the through the Hellenic Program of Balkans Reconstruction ESOAV and 20% by Bosnia-Herzegovina. Municipalities and city government The four municipalities, , , and The city comprises four municipalities , , , and. Each operate their own , united they form one city government with its own constitution. The : Gradska Uprava consists of a mayor, with two deputies and a cabinet. The consists of the , or Gradsko Vijeće. The council has 28 members, including a council speaker, two deputies, and a secretary. Councilors are elected by the municipality in numbers roughly proportional to their population. Local communities have a small role in city government and are intended as a way for ordinary citizens to get involved in city government. They are based on key neighborhoods in the city. Metropolis View west toward Due to being political, economic, cultural, social, university and scientific infrastructure centre of , Sarajevo is with over 688,354 inhabitants on its metropolitan area the only of the country. Not only the importance, size and opulence but also the panorama of Sarajevo, its skyscrapers like , , , or which is under construction , and worldwide famous festivals like give Sarajevo the flair of a metropolis. Between 2015 and 2017 Sarajevo will reconstruct the whole tram line from to with estimated costs of 25 million KM. Due to this, Sarajevo will become the only city in the with a completely reconstructed tram network. In 2015 the city will also get fully renovated trams from Konya and new trolleybuses from. Also, the direct connection from to the and thus to will be finished by the end of 2015. Therefore, Sarajevo will have three direct connections to the motorway. Sarajevo's large manufacturing, administrative, and tourism sectors make it the strongest economic region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Indeed, Sarajevo Canton generates almost 25% of the country's GDP. After years of war, Sarajevo's economy saw reconstruction and rehabilitation programs. The opened in Sarajevo in 1997 and the began trading in 2002. While Sarajevo had a large industrial base during its communist period, only a few pre-existing businesses have successfully adapted to the. Sarajevo industries now include tobacco products, furniture, hosiery, automobiles, and communication equipment. Companies based in Sarajevo include , , , , and Sarajevo Brewery. In 2002 the total export for the greater Sarajevo region was worth about 259,569,000. Most of Sarajevo's exports 28. The largest amount of imported goods come from Germany, at 15. With a worth of total import at about 1,322,585,000, the total import is almost 5. In 1981 Sarajevo's GDP per capita was 133% of the Yugoslav average. Sarajevo is after Ljubljana and Zagreb the richest city in former Yugoslavia and one of the richest cities in the. Sarajevo has a wide tourist industry and a fast expanding service sector thanks to the strong annual growth in tourist arrivals. Sarajevo also benefits from being both a summer and winter destination with continuity in its tourism throughout the year. The travel guide series, named Sarajevo as the 43rd best city in the world, and in December 2009 listed Sarajevo as one of the top ten cities to visit in 2010. Sports-related tourism uses the legacy facilities of the , especially the skiing facilities on the nearby mountains of , , , , and. Sarajevo's 600 years of history, influenced by both Western and Eastern empires, makes it a with splendid variations. Sarajevo has hosted travellers for centuries, because it was an important trading center during the and empires. Examples of popular destinations in Sarajevo include the park, the , and the. Tourism in Sarajevo is chiefly focused on historical, religious, cultural sites and winter sports. Sarajevo is host to many parks throughout the city and on the outskirts of city. A popular activity among Sarajevo citizens is street chess, usually played at Trg oslobođenja Alija Izetbegović. Veliki Park is the largest green area in the center of Sarajevo. Hastahana skate park is a popular place to relax in the Austro-Hungarian neighborhood of Marijin Dvor. Sarajevo is also famous for its city lookouts; including an observation deck on , Park Prinčeva restaurant, Vidikovac lookout Mt. Alta Shopping Center, BBI Center, Hotel Hecco Deluxe. In the settlement of Sarajevo proper, there were 416,497 inhabitants. The war displaced hundreds of thousands of people, a large majority of whom have not returned. The first census since Bosnia and Herzegovina became an independent country was not taken until 2013 and as a result, for many years Sarajevo's population was not known clearly and statistics were based on estimates contributed by the and the Federal Office of Statistics of the , among other national and international non-profit organizations. As of June 2011 , the population of the city's four municipalities was estimated to be 411,161, whereas the population was estimated at 578,757. In June 2016, the final results of the were published. According to the census, the population of the Sarajevo Canton was 413,593, with 55,181 residents in Centar Sarajevo, 118,553 in Novi Grad, 64,814 in Novo Sarajevo and 36,976 in Stari Grad. The war changed the ethnic and religious profile of the city. At the time of the 1991 census, 49. These include respondents being encouraged by census interviewers to identity as belonging to one of the three constituent peoples. Her analysis of marriage registration data shows, for instance, that 67 per cent of people marrying in 2003 identified as Bosniak or Muslim, which is significantly lower than the 79. Narrow city streets and a lack of parking areas restrict automobile traffic but allow better pedestrian and cyclist mobility. The two main roads are Titova Ulica Street of and the east-west Dragon of Bosnia highway E761. Sarajevo is Bosnia's main intersection and the most passable city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the third in region. The city is connected to all the other major cities by highway or national road like , , , , and. Tourists from and elsewhere visiting driving via through Sarajevo also contribute to the traffic congestion in and around Sarajevo. The trans-European highway, Corridor 5C, runs through Sarajevo connecting it to in the north, and at the Adriatic sea in the south. The highway is built by the government and should cost 3. Up until March 2012, the invested around 600 million Euro in the A1. In 2014 the sections Sarajevo-Zenica and Sarajevo-Tarcin were completed including the ring road. Tram, bus and trolleybus Sarajevo tram , in operation since 1885, are the oldest form of public transportation in the city. Sarajevo had the first full-time dawn to dusk tram line in Europe, and the second in the world. Opened on in 1885, it was the testing line for the tram in and the , and operated by horses. The trams played a pivotal role in the growth of the city in the 20th century. There are seven tramway lines supplemented by five lines and numerous bus routes. The main railroad station in Sarajevo is located in the north-central area of the city. From there, the tracks head west before branching off in different directions, including to industrial zones in the city. Sarajevo is currently undergoing a major infrastructure renewal; many highways and streets are being repaved, the tram system is undergoing modernization, and new bridges and roads are under construction. The first line of Metro Sarajevo would connect with. This line would cost some 150 million KM and be financed by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The cable car runs from Sarajevo at Bistrik station to the slopes of Trebević at Vidikovac station. Airport : SJJ , also called Butmir, is located just a few kilometers southwest of the city and was voted Best European Airport With Under 1,000,000 Passengers at the 15th Annual ACI-Europe in Munich in 2005. During the war the airport was used for UN flights and humanitarian relief. Since the in 1996, the airport has welcomed a thriving commercial flight business. In 2011 Sarajevo International Airport had 599,996 passengers which is more than all of the airports in had together and 6. The growth rate in 2012 is expected to be around 10%. Plans for extension of the passenger terminal, together with upgrading and expanding the taxiway and apron, are planned to start in fall 2012. The existing terminal will be expanded by approximately 7,000 square metres 75,347 square feet. The upgraded airport will also be directly linked to the commercial retail center Sarajevo Airport Center, making it easier for tourists and travellers to spend their time before flight boarding shopping and enjoying the many amenities that will be offered. Between 2015 and 2018 the airport will be upgraded for more than 25 million euros. Railway Sarajevo has only two daily international connections to and. There are also connections between Sarajevo and all major cities within. Once, the connected Sarajevo to. The Sarajevo Main Railway Station is among the biggest in Europe. As the largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo is the main center of the country's media. Most of the communications and media infrastructure was destroyed during the war but reconstruction monitored by the Office of the High Representative has helped to modernize the industry as a whole. For example, internet was first made available to the city in 1995. Liberation , founded in 1943, is Sarajevo's longest running continuously circulating newspaper and the only one to survive the war. However, this long running and trusted newspaper has fallen behind Daily Voice , founded in 1995, and Jutarnje Novine Morning News in circulation in Sarajevo. Other local periodicals include the Croatian newspaper and the Bosnian magazine , as well as weekly newspapers Slobodna Bosna Free Bosnia and BH Dani BH Days. The is Sarajevo's station, one of three in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The headquarters of are also located in Sarajevo, with a broadcasting studio at the top of the. The news channel covers , , and and the surrounding states. Many small independent radio stations exist, including established stations such as Radio M, Radio Stari Grad Radio Old Town , Studentski eFM Radio, Radio 202, Radio BIR, and RSG. Higher education has a long and rich tradition in Sarajevo. The first institution that can be classified as a tertiary educational institution was a school of philosophy established by in 1531; numerous other religious schools have been established over time. In 1887, under the Austro-Hungarian Empire, a Law School began a five-year program. In the 1940s the became the city's first secular higher education institute, effectively building upon the foundations established by the Saraybosna Han1ka in 1531. In the 1950s, post-bachelor graduate degrees became available. Severely damaged during the war, it was recently rebuilt in partnership with more than 40 other universities. The houses many important historical items from BiH Sarajevo has been home to many different religions for centuries, giving the city a range of diverse cultures. In the time of Ottoman occupation of Bosnia, , , , and all shared the city while maintaining distinctive identities. They were joined during the brief occupation by by a smaller number of , , , and. By 1909, about 50% of the city's inhabitants were Muslim, 25% were Catholic, 15% were Orthodox, and 10% were Jewish. Historically, Sarajevo has been home to several famous Bosnian poets, scholars, philosophers, and writers during the. To list only a very few; Nobel Prize-winner is from the city, as is -winning director , famous multiple award-winning writer and screenwriter and prominent poet and screenwriter. Nobel Prize-winner attended high school in Sarajevo for two years. Sarajevo is also the home of the , the only independent theater company in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The is the oldest professional theater in Bosnia and Herzegovina, having been established in 1921. It is the only remaining illustrated in the world. The National Museum also hosts year-round exhibitions pertaining to local, regional and international culture and history, and exhibits over 5,000 artefacts from Bosnia's history. The Alija Izetbegović Museum was opened on 19 October 2007 and is located in the old town fort, more specifically in the Kapija towers Ploča and Širokac. The museum is a commemoration to the influence and body of work of , the first president of the. The city also hosts the , established in 1919, as well as and the Sarajevo Youth Theatre. Some other include the Center for Sarajevo Culture, Sarajevo City Library, Art Gallery of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the , a privately owned library and art collection focusing on Bosniak history. Demolitions associated with the war, as well as reconstruction, destroyed several institutions and cultural or including the Gazi Husrev-beg library, the national library, the Sarajevo , and a museum dedicated to the. Consequently, the different levels of government established strong cultural protection laws and institutions. Bodies charged with cultural preservation in Sarajevo include the Institute for the Protection of the Cultural, Historical and of Bosnia and Herzegovina and their Sarajevo Canton counterpart , and the Bosnia and Herzegovina Commission to Preserve National Monuments. The developed in the city between 1961 and 1991. This type of music began with bands like , , and singer-songwriter. It continued into the 1980s, with bands such as , , and , by most accounts, pioneering the rock and roll movement. Sarajevo was also the home and birthplace of arguably the most popular and influential Yugoslav of all time, , somewhat of a Bosnian parallel to the , in both popularity and influence. Sarajevo was also the home of a very notable urban subculture known as the , which began during the early 1980s with the Baglama Band which was banned shortly after first LP and was brought into the mainstream through bands such as and Elvis J. Other notable bands considered to be part of this subculture are. Besides and separately from the , Sarajevo is the hometown to one of the most significant alternative - bands, 1983—current. Perhaps more importantly, Sarajevo in the late 19th and throughout the 20th century was home to a burgeoning and large center of record-making and contributed greatly to bringing this historical genre of music to the mainstream, which had for many centuries been a staple of Bosnian culture. Songwriters and musicians such as , , , , , , , and many more composed and wrote some of their most important pieces in the city. Sarajevo also greatly influenced the pop scene of Yugoslavia with musicians like , , , , , and many more. Many newer Sarajevo-based bands have also found a name and established themselves in Sarajevo, such as who also had two albums out in Yugoslavia and Letu Štuke, who actually formed their band in Yugoslavia with the famous Bosnian-American writer and got their real breakthrough later in the 2000s. Sarajevo is now home to an important and eclectic mix of new bands and independent musicians, which continue to thrive with the ever-increasing number of festivals, creative showcases and concerts around the country. The song was later re-released by the same band under the name on their 1996 debut album , which the song gave them instant success. Festivals , where the annual hosting of is held Sarajevo is internationally renowned for its eclectic and diverse selection of over 50 annual festivals. The was established in 1995 during the Bosnian War and has become the premier and largest film festival in South-East Europe. It has been hosted at the National Theater, with screenings at the Open-air theater Metalac and the Bosnian Cultural Center, all located in downtown Sarajevo. The is an experimental theatre festival and the oldest living theatre festival in the Balkans. The annual showcases feature, animated and short films from around the world and is the premier student film festival in the Balkans. The , and Sarajevo International Music Festival are well-known, as is the festival, a month-long showcase of local culture, music, and dance. A talent campus is also held during the duration of the festival, with lecturers speaking on behalf of world cinematography and holding workshops for film students from across South-Eastern Europe. The is the region's largest and most diverse of its kind. Sports , home to , is largest stadium in Bosnia and Herz. The city was the location of the. Yugoslavia won one medal, a silver in men's giant slalom awarded to. Many of the Olympic facilities survived the war or were reconstructed, including and. In an attempt to bring back some of Sarajevo's lost Olympic glory, the original Olympic luge and bobsled tracks are being repaired, due to the efforts of both the National Olympic Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina and local sports enthusiasts. After co-hosting the Southeast Europe Friendship games, Sarajevo was awarded the 2009 winter games, but cancelled these plans. The ice arena for the 1984 Olympics, Zetra Stadium, was used during the war as a temporary hospital and, later, for housing NATO troops of the IFOR. In 2011 Sarajevo was the host city of the 51st World Military Skiing Championship with over 350 participants from 23 different nations. This was the first international event of such standing since the 1984 Olympics. Stadion Grbavica is popular in Sarajevo; the city hosts and , which both compete in European and international cups and tournaments and have a very large trophy cabinet in the former Yugoslavia as well as independent Bosnia and Herzegovina. Other notable soccer clubs are and. The only stadium in Bosnia and Herzegovina that has UEFA category 3 is the stadium Grbavica, stadium of FK Željezničar. Another popular sport is basketball; the basketball club Sarajevo won the in 1979 as well as many Yugoslav and Bosnian national championships making it one of the greatest basketball clubs in the former Yugoslavia. The chess club, Bosna Sarajevo, has been a championship team since the 1980s and is the third ranked chess club in Europe, having won four consecutive European championships in the nineties. Sarajevo often holds international events and competitions in sports such as and. The popularity of tennis has been picking up in recent years. Since 2003, is an annual tennis tournament in Sarajevo. Since 2007, the is being organized in late September. In 2019, Sarajevo and will host the EYOWF. Club Sport Leagues Venue Est. The city's principal mosques are the Gazi Husrev-Bey's Mosque, or Begova Džamija 1530 , and the Mosque of Ali Pasha 1560—61. Retrieved on 5 August 2006. Archived from on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2012. Retrieved 10 November 2014. Balkan Investigative Reporting Network. Retrieved 14 October 2017. Archived from on 24 April 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2012. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Retrieved 10 May 2010. 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Retrieved 10 May 2010. Retrieved 10 May 2010. Archived from on 22 September 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2010. Retrieved 10 May 2010. Retrieved 5 April 2012. Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Retrieved 5 January 2015. Official Web Site of the Office of the High Representative. Retrieved 6 August 2017. Archived from on 4 October 2011. Retrieved 24 September 2015. Archived from on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015. Retrieved 12 February 2016. Archived from the original on 6 November 2007. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown The EC reconstruction programme for Bosnia and Herzegovina detailed by sector. Retrieved on 5 August 2006. Atlas svijeta: Novi pogled na Zemlju in Croatian 3rd ed. Zagreb: Sveučilišna naklada Liber. Archived from PDF on 6 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015. Retrieved 19 September 2015. Retrieved 19 September 2015. Retrieved on 5 August 2006. Federal Office of Statistics, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Archived from PDF on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 31 August 2011. Retrieved on 5 August 2006. Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Retrieved 6 July 2016. Retrieved on 5 August 2006. Retrieved on 19 June 2018. Archived from on 18 November 2010. Retrieved 24 September 2015. Retrieved 6 April 2018. Archived from on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2012. Archived from on 12 April 2009. Retrieved 6 May 2009. Retrieved 23 June 2009. Mestna občina Ljubljana Ljubljana City in Slovenian. Archived from on 26 June 2013. Archived from on 24 October 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2009. City of Sarajevo 2001—2008. Archived from on 1 December 2008. Retrieved 9 November 2008. Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi Bas1n Koordinasyon Merkez. Retrieved 8 September 2007. Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi — Tüm Haklar1 Sakl1d1r. Archived from on 14 January 2009. Archived from on 9 August 2013. Official website of New York City. Archived from on 21 April 2008. Retrieved 14 May 2008. Archived from on 12 April 2013. Archived from on 6 August 2013. Archived from on 1 September 2012. Archived from PDF on 21 October 2013. Ajuntament de Barcelona 1995—2008. Archived from on 16 February 2009. Retrieved 11 November 2008. Retrieved on 5 August 2006. Retrieved 15 September 2011. Retrieved 24 September 2015. Retrieved 5 April 2012. Archived from PDF on 22 November 2009. Sarajevo 2000, p 107—08. École française MLF de Sarajevo. Archived from on 24 February 2010. Retrieved 19 January 2010. Archived from on 25 April 2010. Retrieved 13 April 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2012. The New York Times. Sarajevo Film Festival Official Website. Sarajevo Film Festival Official Website. Retrieved 1 November 2008. Retrieved 17 June 2014. Retrieved 21 August 2014. Retrieved 24 September 2015. Retrieved on 5 August 2006. 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By the the settlement was established as a city, named Bosna-Saraj, around the citadel in 1461. Archived from PDF on 11 May 2013. The is the region's largest and most diverse of its kind. Since 2007, the is being organized in late September. The developed in the city between 1961 and 1991. Balkan Investigative Reporting Network. Following the war, after the Balkans were unified under the , and Sarajevo became the capital of.
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