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četvrtak, 29.12.2011.

Car battery

Car battery

In today's hot new energy vehicles, lithium-powered vehicles as one of the four cathode materials for lithium iron phosphate, has become a hot concept.

Since the beginning of this year, the lithium iron phosphate technology patent battle to upgrade the report has proclaimed. Several large multinational companies from Europe and America called lithium iron phosphate has the core technology patents, they played the patent battle. Moreover, more recent media reports, Phostech company from Canada and China battery manufacturer negotiations, and that "entry fee" $ 10 million to produce 1 ton of lithium iron phosphate demanding pay $ 2,500.

Patent battle seems to have given the technology by adding a more mysterious aura. However, it seems that the community of lithium iron phosphate has high hopes prematurely, the experts pointed out that the lithium iron phosphate power battery electric vehicle is not an effective solution.

"Do not iron phosphate lithium battery electric vehicles in the role of exaggerated." State 973 plans electric vehicle energy storage project's chief scientist, Professor Ma Zifeng Shanghai Jiaotong University, said, "the academic point of view, lithium iron phosphate does not may be the next major new energy automobile battery present lithium-ion battery cathode material, there are four, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide and ternary materials from a single cell voltage of view, than cobalt lithium iron phosphate lithium and other materials are much lower energy density lithium iron phosphate is low, the battery system large volume, large-scale use may not be appropriate, need to do more technical demonstration. many companies rush to war on our lithium iron phosphate project, likely to be foreign companies loophole. "

Should not blind launched

In recent years, new energy automobile market is vigorously developed. Data show that by 2012, China will create 500,000 new energy automobile production capacity to 20,000 yuan battery bicycle use (considering the hybrid and pure electric vehicles), the average level of estimates, the domestic automotive battery market could reach 10 billion yuan, equivalent to the current lithium battery market grew 100%. 2020, new energy vehicles driven global automotive battery market demand will exceed 200 billion yuan. It is undeniable that the Chinese car battery industry will usher in rapid development of the golden opportunity.

In contrast, in the hot behind the new energy automobile market, the corresponding battery technology is also increasingly on the agenda. At present, China's new energy vehicle development layout showing a pure electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles and hybrid neck and neck situation. Pure electric vehicles currently on the market are mainly used nickel-metal hydride batteries, lead acid batteries and lithium batteries. Should be said that a variety of technologies are not enough, there are some flaws, many laboratories and companies still have to improve.

Currently On the whole, there is a lithium battery safety issues. Whether lithium manganese oxide or lithium iron phosphate, from the cycle life, reliability, security, in terms of charge-discharge performance, there are a variety of defects. "Domestic power last couple of years (600,627, stock it) pool is very large enterprise projects, can be a real breakthrough did not. Lithium batteries in five parts: the cathode material, anode material, electrolyte, separator, packaging, each items are very important, are all core technology. research which has been a very, very different. "Triangle Changshu Institute of Technology, Changsha green energy Yongkang said.

As a result, the frenzy of lithium iron phosphate partly reflects the mentality of most Chinese enterprises now. A technology not yet mature in the premise, do not put more effort and money spent on technology research, choosing instead to quickly launched, this is really a waste of resources.

In addition, the quality of domestic and foreign lithium batteries there is a great gap between the main mode of production in different decision. Zhejiang University of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Professor Wang Lianbang said: "Chinese enterprises mechanization and automation with foreign countries vary greatly, many of which are handmade. A battery can not see it, hundreds of batteries in a series, the difference is obvious. the gap between the quality consistency of the main battery from raw materials to products, there are very many processes. a number of different quality products are not the same. 100 batteries, there are 2 may not be very good, which is the mode of production the problem, not 2012 to make up. "

Sand Yongkang also believes that consistency is not guaranteed a big problem. "In this way it is possible to do cell phone batteries, battery capacity is small because the phone. Open an electric car 150 kilometers to 15 kwh storage capacity of 20 kWh battery pack, cell phone batteries may be 1 watt, the equivalent of 15,000 times most of our businesses to use the machine plus the manual way, consistency is not high now the yield is still very low. "

Path to future technologies

If the lithium battery can not take on the future development of new energy vehicles task, then who can play a leading role it?

Although there are many domestic enterprises to promote lead-acid batteries, but due to the high contamination of this feature makes this product not to be optimistic about the development when there are more helpless feeling. "Lead metal refining, manufacturing batteries, battery recycling process are contaminated, only cars on the road when there is no pollution, so can not say that this is clean energy than lead-acid battery technology to promote a worthy present lead-acid battery has 45% of Chinese production, Europe and the United States will use, but not manufacturing, not recycling, pollution in China. "Sha Yong Kang said.

Instead, the fuel cell is a lot of experts look for direction, there are many international giants continue in this field force. Is a hydrogen fuel cell and the oxygen in the air combine to form water by the electrochemical process and generate electrical energy generating device. Fuel cells work without combustion, no moving parts, with the energy conversion efficiency (actual efficiency of an ordinary internal combustion engine 2 to 3 times), no noise, long operating life, high reliability, maintainability and good; it is the only a product is water, truly meet the clean, renewable requirements. Since 1994, the first fuel cell vehicle came to a few dozen years now, technology is developing rapidly.

Action, the current world of fuel cells in various countries, the development of fuel cell vehicle technology to give a very high concern. Toyota has announced that first fuel cell vehicles will be available in 2015. Last September, Toyota, Honda, Hyundai, Ford, General Motors, Daimler, Kia Motors Corporation and other well-known joint statement calling on governments in 2015 to build more hydrogen fuel infrastructure. If this goal can be achieved, from 2015, worldwide there are hundreds of thousands of hydrogen-powered vehicles will be gradually achieved commercial production. Although the cost of car fuel is still very high, but this is truly meet the cleanliness standards of technology, the industry believes that with the expanding scale of production, cost reduction is only a matter of time.

At the same time, hydrogen safety has become the focus of everyone worried about this, Zi-Feng Ma said, the world of technology for hydrogen safety studies very hard, hydrogen as petrochemical, metallurgical and pharmaceutical industries important raw materials, their storage and transportation arrangements have a very good solution. Our project team is involved in the development of 973-vehicle hydrogen storage of national standards and international standards, the laboratory has reached 70 MPa hydrogen cylinder, and commercial use at about 35 MPa only, greatly increased the safety factor. In addition, the hydrogen source is diversified. Currently in Shanghai, peak power vary widely, summer electricity shortages, and spring off the electricity supply, the use of peak power can be electrolysis into hydrogen. As for Shanghai Baosteel, Shanghai Petrochemical and other large enterprises, large-scale hydrogen is a by-product, so that future prospects are bright.

On the direction of view, the innovation of new energy vehicles is bound to promote the expansion of battery technology. Zi-Feng Ma believes that the future of fuel cells and batteries or fuel cells and capacitors to be combined, combine the advantages of both, is a good direction. "We know that a good power rating for the design of the fuel cell, hydrogen and oxygen electrochemical reaction by the constraints of the output power is stable, such as loading 60 kilowatts of fuel cell vehicles, slow down or stop when the fuel cell is always at work, then more charge storage devices give out, when the car accelerating or climbing, the fuel cell power can not be turned into 70 kilowatts from 60 kilowatts, this will be supplemented with storage devices, this combination will help to improve the dynamic performance In short, we should select some more direction, more cutting-edge place to look, such as our cooperation now and in the University of Michigan study of lithium - air batteries, the latest technology, this relatively remote, to 15 years will have a big development. "

Sand Yongkang also believes that the new energy vehicle technology is very diverse, and should not be all eyes are focused on the battery itself. The concept of new energy must be wide, with wide concept have new ideas. Perhaps in the near future will be able to find a new liquid fuel, methanol and ethanol can replace. Another example is the use of wireless power technology in the car. Although long-distance applications there are certain problems, but the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2007, this technology can be lit by 2 meters away, 60-watt bulb, which gives people unlimited reverie. The future, the wireless power technology combined with the car might be a viable option, save the plug so tedious steps.

New energy vehicles is undoubtedly the future direction of development, after 50 years is likely to fade out conventional diesel when the stage of history. However, as the sand Yongkang said: "The new energy vehicle development to broaden thinking, not staring at a mature production technology blindly. Can not see the market to engage in the project, only for research funding, subsidies to state action." Japan Toyota, Honda and other manufacturers like a day ten years of painstaking research a technology, once mature, strong market, other companies can only be far behind to catch up. In contrast, Chinese companies want to turn to overtake the field of new energy vehicles, still need to stop.

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Development of battery leasing

Development of battery leasing

New energy vehicles to 25 pilot cities

Vehicle is entering a new energy policy to support the full stage. Yesterday, General Motors in Shanghai at the "electrification - the future driving force," Forum, China Electric Power Research Institute Director of the Institute superconducting electrical power and new materials to the well-off, deputy director of the Institute revealed that China is stepping up efforts to support new energy vehicles, has 10 City 1000 energy-saving and new energy vehicle demonstration pilot cities from 20 to 25.

Meanwhile, for the high cost of new energy automotive batteries, car prices far higher than traditional issue, Tongji University Automotive College, the National Fuel Cell Vehicle and Power Engineering Technology Research Center Zhuoping said, China is encouraging the development of large-scale battery leasing business.

Battery is still too high proportion of the cost

LG Chem CEO Tyre said that despite the declining cost of lithium batteries, the cost per watt to less than $ 200 from receiving $ 25, but the battery cost is still too high proportion of total vehicle cost, This reduces the cost of new energy vehicles and affect consumer buying. According to statistics, in the new energy vehicles, battery costs of up to 70%, labor costs accounted for only about 10%.

High cost of the battery current, and promote new energy vehicle development, financial subsidies are essential. GM China President and Managing Director Kevin Wale said, "compared with any country in the world, China's new energy vehicles for support and subsidies are quite leading."

Encourage large-scale battery lease

When asked about the "new energy vehicles over how to solve your" issue, Tongji University Automotive College, the National Fuel Cell Vehicle and Power Engineering Technology Research Center, an innovative model Zhuoping throw.

Zhuoping that our country is to encourage large-scale battery lease, taking into account the mode of transfer payments or installments, reducing the use of new energy vehicles cost. If you consider the cost of the late charge, the cost of new energy vehicles will be far higher than traditional vehicles.

Zhuoping detailed example that if the car battery can be charged 1000 times, then according to statistics, usually 10 degrees for each charge can run 100 kilometers, charge 1000 can run 100,000 km, Shanghai, charging the cost of electricity only when the low to 3,000 yuan. The displacement of 6-7 liters of gasoline cars, running 100,000 km of fuel costs $ 40,000. Therefore, taking into account the tens of thousands of new energy vehicles to purchase subsidies, and the battery lease or hire purchase, then the cost of new energy vehicles will be far higher than traditional internal combustion engine vehicles.

Zhuoping said, "five" will become China's large-scale electric vehicle development period. Ministry of Industry, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Science, Development and Reform Commission have introduced support measures. Accordance with the development plan, by 2015, China's automotive battery modules, electric vehicles will reach hundreds of million.

Battery leasing has been the pilot

Reporters learned that, in fact, the battery has started leasing in the country. Ankai been in the country to test the water battery leasing model.

Beginning last year, Ankai in Hefei, Dalian, Shanghai, implementation of the "rent to buy" pure electric car battery leasing model. To a price of 200 million pure electric vehicle, for example, remove the battery price is 120 million, minus the state financial subsidies to 50 million users simply take $ 700,000, which has the traditional bus almost the same price.

In addition, JAC, public Motors, have also begun layout battery rental market.

It is understood that battery leasing can reduce the threshold for the use of new energy vehicles, vehicle prices will fall significantly. At the same time, consumers can avoid the short battery life and post-maintenance issues.

National Grid to increase the charging station

Lease to develop the battery in the same time, National Grid is actively responding to increasing new energy vehicle charging stations.

To well-off that charge to address the new energy vehicles and other ancillary issues. End of this year, National Grid will be built in 27 provinces and 75 charging stations charging more than 6,000 piles; 2011 to 2016, will build 400 electric vehicle charging stations, electric vehicle charging network formed; 2016-2020 years, will build 10,000 electric car charging stations, carry out a comprehensive charging piles supporting the building, built full electric car charging network.

Jiaxing electronic information industry performance "eye-catching" the fastest growing battery manufacturing by the financial crisis, a large dependence on foreign information industry last year by a huge impact. However, the city recently released report shows that half of the information industry, the first half of this year, Jiaxing information industry to life.

January to June, the electronic information industry continued upward trend, doubling economic efficiency, the software industry to accelerate revenue growth, the overall recovery of the rise onto the channel. Growth rate of the indicators are much faster than the city average level of industrial enterprises above designated size.

75.55%

Recovery of electronic information industry

January to June, the city's electronic information industry (387) completed a total industrial output value of 20.526 billion yuan, up 75.55% over last year; industrial sales output value of 19.824 billion yuan, an increase of 81.62%; export delivery value of 8.369 billion yuan , an increase of 50.38%; complete the main business income of 19.758 billion yuan, up 80.99%; total profit of 1.62 billion yuan. Software revenue total of 445 million yuan, an increase of 67.30%.

Rapid expansion of industrial scale is the development of the first half of the city's information industry is a major feature. January to June, the city-scale electronic information industry output grew 75.55%, representing the city's total industrial output value of 9.55%, to become an important pillar of the city's industrial development industry.

In 28 manufacturing, industrial output value of over $ 2 billion have information chemical manufacturing, battery manufacturing, micro-motors and other electrical manufacturing, wire and cable manufacturing, electronic components and component manufacturing 5 industries. Among them, the information the largest chemical manufacturing, industrial output value of over 3.6 billion yuan; battery manufacturing industry grew the fastest, up 259.73 percent, mainly due to solar cell materials and component products to expand production capacity, international market rebound .

19758000000

Initial success of industrial restructuring

Municipal Development and Reform Commission responsible person that the information industry during the first half of this year's economic data increased considerably, because of low base last year. Therefore, the current overall economic growth should be viewed as the resumption of growth. In addition, in the first half of the city's information industry growth rate high, but the growth rate in June slowed down compared to May, taking into account the base of the second half of last year was gradually picked up the second half of the information industry growth than on slow half year is expected to complete the information industry, industrial output value 400 billion yuan.

Current industrial restructuring has achieved initial success, significantly improved economic efficiency. January to June, the scale of electronic information industry realized main business income of 19.758 billion yuan, an increase of 80.99%. Main business profit margin of 8.20%, higher than the same period in 2008, 3.6 percentage points.

At present, some enterprises orders also good, but cost pressures, labor, materials costs, the export ratio is high, price subject to exchange a greater impact because export products to foreign currency denominated, down, or if the foreign exchange revaluation, ultimately, the RMB revenue less. This year the euro, the European market-oriented enterprises to greater losses. Part of the business in July, August, orders have been significantly better than the second quarter, market conditions in September is not clear.

Municipal Development and Reform Commission responsible person that the information industry, export-oriented high, closely linked with the international market, the international repercussions of the financial crisis, many uncertainties still exist, market volatility that may arise at any time. Therefore, any one factor over the expected changes are likely to adversely affect the development of information industry.

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ponedjeljak, 05.12.2011.

Shenzhen new energy vehicles subsidy leveraging the market rules need to be patient

Shenzhen new energy vehicles subsidy leveraging the market rules need to be patient

Recently, the Shenzhen local government subsidies for the introduction of new energy vehicle details, country of plug-in hybrid vehicles on the basis of subsidies for 50,000 yuan, and then an additional subsidy of $ 30,000. In this way, BYD's plug-in hybrid vehicles F3DM will receive a total of $ 80,000 government subsidies, BYD e6 electric car will get 120,000 yuan of government subsidies. Thus, according to BYD President Wang's statement, F3DM low carbon version of the original price of 169,800 yuan luxury down to 89,800 yuan, BYD said, "the central and Shenzhen, added together, the maximum subsidy plug-in hybrid passenger $ 80,000, this part of the subsidies we all subsidies to consumers. "

Shenzhen, the first to start operations of financial subsidies for private car, pull the country off the subsidies for new energy vehicles, BYD became the first benefit of the manufacturers.

Such subsidies can significantly leveraging auto market?

Subsidies is to solve the high cost of the purchase cost barriers, but the impact on consumer purchase of new energy vehicles not only the price of a factor.

Previously, the taxi sequence in Shenzhen, has been running the 30 pure electric car BYD e6, but the ingenuity of its mode of operation. Completely devoted to the taxi market, these pure electric car, taxi drivers are the way to enjoy the wages of operation. Reasons for doing so, not because of price issues, but pure electric vehicles and other factors.

For example, charging facilities is to determine whether or not consumers can buy a pure electric car of the important reasons. If the purchase of a pure electric car, but there is no perfect location and facilities charging charging time is free for consumers is an unacceptable problem.

Second, after-sales service costs. For pure electric vehicles, electric cars really the price down because the government subsidies, but the pure electric car service cost is still unknown. For example, the electric car's battery replacement problem. Because the large number of electric car battery, a battery which if broken, it should replace a battery or to replace them all. This way the cost of replacing a huge difference, for the consumer's acceptance of a very big impact. Other parts of the maintenance costs of electric vehicles are also proprietary components that how high maintenance costs, are also unknown.

Third, the charging time. Tradition-driven vehicles, refueling time is very short, very fast, basically any time not to delay the owners. But the battery charge is completely different. In fact, even an hour charging time, is also more difficult for consumers to accept the fact.

Fourth, pure electric cars using the convenience and safety, still need to market test, a pure electric vehicle market is currently very small, the test for the car from the time, all have a great lack of mileage. This is a huge market for the test.

Shenzhen, the first to introduce two levels of government subsidies, will soon lead to a burst in the country to follow suit, but these subsidies in the end can really subsidies to consumers, need to look at market acceptance, particularly in the first batch of new energy automotive products are consumed purchased after the actual operating conditions.

The road is the new energy automobile market, the inevitable trend, but the true scale of production also need a longer test of time. This requires the government, enterprises must recognize the market's severe and long distances, and have enough patience. While continuing to improve product technology and quality.

Otherwise, in order to qualify for government subsidies for the multi-purpose, so-called market into a gimmick, it will be futile, and the world advanced level will be further and further away. Advantage of China to catch up later advanced to become the world power of the dream car will once again West Side Story.

Visit the largest solar power station in Hefei

Earlier this year, the largest one solar power station in Hefei in Hefei Botanical Garden substation built and put into use, this power generation equipment now running like? Actually made a number of power? These power are sent where? Correspondents have been visited recently.

Office building in the Botanic Gardens substation roof, reporters saw here with two huge black installing solar panels, respectively, 10 meters long, seven meters wide, each large block of solar panels by the hundreds of small panels composed. In the field, the staff is checking the operation of solar panels. It is understood that these panels are highly efficient silicon thin film solar cells with high power generation efficiency.

Substation staff told reporters that this is a 30-kilowatt solar photovoltaic power generation system, is put into full power in Hefei, the largest one. Stand-alone photovoltaic power generation systems, mainly for non-grid to remote areas and sparsely populated regions supply; in a public grid areas with grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system and network operation, not only can greatly reduce the cost and have higher power generation efficiency and better environmental performance. Botanic Gardens substation solar photovoltaic power generation system is the solar energy emitted through the square grid, transported to the 0.4 kV bus, as an effective supplement.

Solar power control system in the former reporter saw on the big screen to display a variety of dense data. Staff explained that there can be real-time display outside temperature, solar panels working condition and the resulting current and voltage, etc. Staff told reporters that the light is more abundant in summer temperature, the device is generating good season. "Since put into operation, the total generating capacity has reached 2344 kwh."

According to reports, 30 kilowatts of solar photovoltaic power generation system in contrast to thermal power generation capacity, the annual reduction in emissions of about 4.493 tons of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide emissions of about 0.244 tons, about 0.119 tons of nitrogen oxide emissions. "Emissions of these gases within a year if forest absorption, you need 46 hectares of forest."

It is understood that the present has been built and put into use in Hefei Solar PV power plants of more than 10, but the scale is generally small. Recently, in the south of the Xishan fat photovoltaic power plant project has been approved Feixi Development and Reform Commission, and complete the power station access system preparation of special reports, to be started soon. The project is expected to put into operation in late 2011, the average annual power generation capacity will reach 119 million kwh, 167,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions.

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