ARCHITECTURE UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE

St. Stanislaus High School is an all-boys school located in the Mumbai suburb of Bandra run by the Society of Jesus. Its motto is Natus Ad Majora (in English, "Born For Greater Things").

The school, founded in 1863 by the Society of Jesus, started as an orphanage and later grew to be a full-fledged educational institution for day-scholars as well as boarders. What started out as a school for 40-odd orphans has now grown to support 2,300 students.

Natus ad majora (Born for greater things)
[edit] History

After a series of protracted negotiations spread over a period of more than four decades and necessitated by conditions prevalent at the time among various conflicting elements, the then Vicar Apostolic of Bombay, the Rt. Rev. Dr. Anastasius Hartmann, acquired by purchase a plot of land and proceeded to raise on it, not exactly a church, but a two-storeyed building, the ground floor of which was to be used as a church.

The blessing of the foundation stone was done by Bishop Hartmann himself on the 12th April 1852. On 11 September 1853, the Church of St. Peter was consecrated by the same Dr. Hartmann and thus the first Propaganda Chapel of Salsette Island was inaugurated. Fr. Pascoal de Mello, a secular priest and native of Bandra, was appointed the first Vicar of the Church and was succeeded in 1856 by Fr. Anthony Pereira S.J., a native of Goa.

The upper floor of the building was at first used as the priest's residence and a parish school, bearing the name of St. Aloysius. In 1855, the Seminary, which in 1853 had been transferred to Surat, was brought down to Bandra and lodged in this upper floor. As a result of this, the Seminary and the parish school were fused into one. The amalgamated institution is described in the Madras Directory of 1857, as follows: "There is a Seminary and College, under the direction of the Fathers of the Society of Jesus. The Marathi, Portuguese, English and Latin languages are taught; also Arithmetic, Geography, History and Music, Rhetoric, Philosophy, Theology (Dogmatic and Moral) and Canon Law. The students are about 85 including 15 seminarists."

The Orphanage of the Bombay Archdiocese (European and native combined) had its beginnings in 1852, when Bishop Hartmann was Vicar Apostolic. It was first located at Parel under the care of some Carmelite Fathers. In 1855 the Capuchins succeeded the Carmelites at Parel and in 1857 the Orphanage was transferred to Nesbit Lane, Byculla.

On the 25th November 1857, Fr. Joseph Willy, S.J., was appointed its Superior. But on 13 August 1859, a separation took place. The European orphans were sent to Mazagon; the Indian orphans remained at Byculla, whence they went every day to school at Mazagon. Fr. Willy remained behind with the native orphans as their Superior and Chaplain of St. Anne's. In October 1859, Fr. Willy was sent to Karachi and Fr. Esseiva was appointed to fill the gap until Fr. Joseph Weber took charge of the Orphanage in February 1860. During the three years of his stewardship, the number of native orphans rose from 33 to 140. About the end of May 1863, the Seminary was transferred from Bandra to Cavel and its place was occupied by the Boy's Native Orphanage which was shifted from Byculla on the 8th June 1863. Such was the beginning of St. Stanislau's Orphanage in Bandra.

When the boys from Byculla arrived at Bandra, there was only one solitary house to welcome them the old St. Peter's Church, a large square building, partly two-storeyed, half church, half residence. Above the Chapel was a hall 100 x 75 feet used as study hall, refectory and class rooms with a couple of residential rooms for the Fathers; above this, directly under the roof, was the dormitory. Prior to the arrival of the orphans there was already a parish school, as we have seen, which had been started in 1852 and was merged with the Seminary that was transferred back from Surat. This school continued to function as a kind of Apostolic School for youngsters, after the senior students had moved to Cavel in May 1863. The boys of St. Aloysius and the orphans from Byculla who formed the nucleus of St. Stanislaus were now taught together. In 1868 the parish school was amalgamated and absorbed into St. Stanislaus School and Orphanage.
[edit] Development during the first 50 years

At various times down to 1855 new plots were added to the original grounds and new buildings were erected. In 1867 a second storey was added to the old building. About the same time the Industrial workshop was erected. In 1873 an outlying wing was added for use as the Boy's Refectory and Infirmary. In 1888 a separate kitchen was built. In 1904 the back wing or Red Building parallel to a part of Waroda Road, was erected to provide class-rooms and a dormitory for paying boarders. In 1913 the de Mello House, facing Waroda Road was purchased and converted into an Infirmary. At the same time the Bombilwadi plot was bought in order to extend the playing ground eastwards.

The Dutch House this 17th century building once stood on the corner of Wine Street it was reduced to a charred skeleton and for safety's sake it had to be pulled down.

The Dutch House was Bristol’s best-known landmark before the Blitz. By 1732 it was the house of John Vaughan, a goldsmith, in 1810 it became the Castle Bank, in 1826 the Stuckey’s Bank; and by 1855 it was occupied by Mr Tilly the Hatter (he first called it Dutch House though it has no connection with Holland).

In 1908 it was saved from demolition by the Lord Mayor’s casting vote. During the 1930s it housed the Irish Linen and Hosiery Association but was pulled down after being seriously bombed in 1940.

Extracts from the Western Daily Press Bristol From 7th June 1940 to 16th August 1944

June 25 1940

Shortly after midnight the first H.E. bomb fell among a few old houses and shops near Champion & Davies’ factory in Lower Maudlin Street. The factory itself, which was being used as a Red Cross depot, was hit by another bomb. A further attack was made on Knowle about 1.30 a.m. and bombs also fell in parts of St. George and Bedminster.

Districts affected were mainly St. Philip’s, St. Paul’s and Brislington. Objective of this raid was possibly Temple Meads Station as nine H.E’s fell on railway property - two failed to explode. Other unexploded bombs were located at Temple Gate and Victoria Street. Bristol’s first air raid lasted from 12.10 a.m. until 2.35. Five people were killed, 14 seriously injured and 19 slightly injured.

September 7 1940

Although there was no 'red' warning, five bombs were dropped during the day near Bristol Cathedral, one making a direct hit on the Cathedral School, injuring the Headmaster (the Rev. H. A. Watts).

September 25 1940

The Luftwaffe’s objective was the Bristol Aeroplane Works: flying in almost perfect formation they arrived over the city at 11.40, made straight for the works, and found them completely at their mercy. In 45 terror-filled seconds they let loose 168 bombs, causing a high death-roll and much havoc. Blenheims, Beauforts and Beaufighters were being constructed at the B.A.C. at the time, and although the German News Agency put out the claim, 'This factory will not produce many more aircraft', in actual fact only eight planes were so seriously damaged as to be irreparable.

September 27 1940

On this day, two days after the devastating attacks on the Aeroplane Works, the Germans came over with the same intentions. At about 11.30 a force of about nine bombers, accompanied by fighters, came over the city, but a squadron of Hurricanes was waiting for them. A.A. guns were in action as well, and the formation was dispersed before it could reach its target. Regardless of the danger, crowds of people came out in the streets to watch the 'dog fights' taking place in the sky.

November 24 1940

At 6.21 the sirens blared their warning. They did not sound ‘Raiders Passed' until eight minutes past midnight - nearly six hours of slaughter, desolation and ruin. As soon as the raiders came over, the skies were illuminated by the incandescent glare of scores of flares. In a matter of seconds, incendiaries and high explosives hurtled down to earth. It was afterwards reckoned that 60 enemy planes were responsible for lying waste to so much of the city. Their tactics appeared to be to fly over the city two or three at a time at regular intervals to unleash their cargo of death and destruction.

The majority of the bombs were incendiary, including a new type of explosive incendiary, but they were not without their quota of high explosives. Some were of an extremely large calibre, as could be judged by the huge craters in Thomas Street and Wells Road. Totterdown.

The heart of the city from Broad Quay to Old Market bore the brunt of the raid, especially St James’s Barton and St. Philip’s and in Clifton, Bedminster, Knowle, and St. George. The intensity of the raid can be gauged by the following summary of the better-known buildings and streets which were destroyed.

They included the Museum, and part of the Art Gallery; a portion of the University, including the Great Hall, the Princes Theatre; St Anselm’s Church; Clifton Parish Church; the Preparatory School of Bristol Grammar School; and Freemason’s Hall. Shopping districts presented scenes of in-describable desolation - Lennards’ buildings and many premises in Queen’s Road became nothing more than heaps of rubble, while on either side of Park Street scarcely a shop was left intact.

Shops in College Green and various premises in Canons’ Marsh, also, were demolished, But it was the centre of the city which suffered the worst: from Marsh Street and Nicholas Street, High Street, Bridge Street, Mary-le-Port Street, Wine Street, Castle Street, Union Street, and Broadmead (some of these streets were totally destroyed), Barr Street, the Barton, and Stokes Croft, Such well-known buildings as the Old Dutch House, the Fish Market, SI, Nicholas Churc