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John White returned to Roanoke Island and found only the word CROATOAN carved in a tree. Poziv na predstavljanje knjige Filipa?

After spending winter in that area, they returned with news about a fertile Virginia and about the peace loving Indians. Mi smo uvereni da ćete uživati u njemu!

Srpski Chat - The ring is believed to date to the 16th century. Ove godine na izložbi su se predstavili umjetnici čija prezimena počinju slovima R do Z, a izložili su slike, crteže , fotografije , skulpture i videa.

Phelps, Professor Emeritus and retired director of the East Carolina University Archaeology Laboratory, and by Dr. Eterovich, our foremost Croatian American researcher and publisher of findings in studies of Croat migration throughout the world. Introduction: History is unpredictable in keeping its secrets. Yet, human curiosity has no boundaries — three letters or one word leading to our compatriotism, even in an unfamiliar language, are enough to make us e that someone or something in this far away world was or still is of our origin. History, in many cases, to our benefit, is true. Various authors wrote for more than 420 years about the first English Colony Roanoke in the State of North Carolina. The beginnings of English colonization of America New World are tied up to a legendary word CROATOAN or CROATAN , which, at the end of 16th century was carved into a trunk of a tree on Roanoke Island in Atlantic Ocean waters in Pamlico Bay in North Carolina. I — First Military Expedition and the Jewelry for the Queen At the beginning of 16th century, now day America was the New World. Spain, with its experienced sea flotilla, and in search of gold, silver, black pepper and other spices, navigated the waters of New World and colonized the south and southwest parts of America. At the same time, England, with its light sail ships and for the same reasons, sailed the waters of the Atlantic shores of New World. It was a known fact at the time that the English Queen disliked the Spanish overpowering military presence on seas. Out of this love for jewelry, the need for jewelry for the queen initiated expeditions to the New World and into search for new jewelry for the queen. The experienced Portuguese guide, Simon Fernandez, lead the expedition. The map of English colony North Carolina, ca. Manteo, a literate Secotan Indian, who lived in a village called Croatoan on the outmost now day Cape Hatteras Islands on the Atlantic Ocean, spoke English and was chosen for a translator between the Indians and the Englishmen. To honor his virgin queen, he named the newly found shores in New World after the queen — Virginia. Seven ships with 500 men and women sailed out from England under the supervision of Sir Richard Grenville. They landed at Cape Hatteras by the end of July. The arrival of first pioneers to the New World Indians hurried to the ships. Voyagers hurried to the mainland. The colonizers expected to see Indians wearing gold and other jewelry. Indians expected to see English men and women adorned with golden crowns and with golden necklaces. According to both oral and written tradition, while the voyagers roamed the mainland, the Indians welcoming the sail ships noticed a silver cup on a ship and they took it with them to the mainland. Dream come true — they overcame the little resistance and settled Roanoke Island. John White made numerous sketches of bird and animal species and of Indian men and women he befriended. About a month and a half later, Sir Richard Grenville, the supervisor of the Second expedition, and John White returned to England to bring new shipment of food to the colonizers in Virginia. Ralph Lane took the overall command of the English flotilla in the New World. After dividing colonizers into two groups, they went on in search of life in new colony. They returned empty handed. The second group ventured southward to Chesapeake Bay. After spending winter in that area, they returned with news about a fertile Virginia and about the peace loving Indians. On the way back, they encountered Wingina, the king chief and a holy man of Secotan Indian tribe from Roanoke Island, who told them about a place with copper and jewelry abound. Unfortunately, according to him, no one knew exactly the location of such a place. According to a legend, chief Menatonon was a lame, but a shrewd one, who disliked Secotans. Upon returning empty handed, copper, gold, and jewelry nowhere found, Lane and his men learned that Sir Richard Grenville still had not return from England. In the meantime, chief Wingina took his tribe from Roanoke Island further to the mainland. Hunger ravaged among the colonizers. Ralph Lane blamed Wingina and his Secotan tribe for all the misery. Soon thereafter, during a big Atlantic Sea storm, flotilla of Sir Francis Drake, a popular English sea voyager, entered the bay. He stopped at Roanoke Island to see how the establishing of new colony was progressing. Only fifteen members of the colonizers from the Second expedition stayed on sandy Cape Hatteras Islands — the rest left the New World and voyaged back to England. Yet, the Queen of England was dreaming of yet another expedition to the New World and to the new English colony in America. This new venture to the New World would include not only the military personnel but also civilians — for purpose of spreading the Christianity and English Kingdom. Sir Walter Raleigh promised 500 acres of land to anyone willing to move to the New World. Done as promised — yet no one thought of how to manage 500 acres in the unknown land. While Sir Raleigh planed the military aspects of the expedition, John White dreamed of a new, civil English colony with his family as being a central part of new society — he wanted to establish a new civil colony in Chesapeake Bay, not on Roanoke Island. Sir Raleigh received the new Royal Charter to colonize the New World; he received money and ships. The third expedition encountered misfortunes from the onset. Bad lack after bad lack finger pointed at Simon Fernandez: Fernandez refused to search for a smaller expedition boat lost along the Portuguese shores almost half of colonizers got lost with this ship ; the colonizers fell to poison on Virgin Islands in the Caribbean; fresh water of Virgin Islands was forbidden to colonizers; this expedition was announced in Spanish circles as an expedition on the way to Roanoke Island, and not on the way to Chesapeake Bay. Returning home with this expedition was Manteo, the translator — he was the only live connection between John White and the Native Americans. Ananias Dare, his wife Eleanor and their baby girl Virginia, The first English child born in now day America. In real life, John White, not a priest baptized the child. The artist drawing of the baptism of baby girl Virginia Dare On August 25, the ship lost along the Portuguese shores showed up with colonizers at Roanoke Island. Exhausted and hungry, they all became dependents of Croatans. John White learned that Native Americans killed the members of previous expedition, who stayed after along the shores of North Carolina. As time passed, White realized that his people became a heavy burden to Croatans and that they could not survive without additional food supplies — he decided to return to England for additional food and other necessities for the new colony. While boarding the ship previously lost along the Portuguese shores, John White instructed the missionaries, in case of an attack, to carve a Maltese cross into a tree. IV — Return of John White to England and the Spanish-English War Morning, August 27, 1587: John White sailed back to England. A day earlier, Simon Perez also sailed to seas and back to England. On October 16, following great difficulties, John White docked by the shores of Ireland. It took him another fifteen days to enter the Plymouth harbor. Finally, John White got his chance to present his version about the plight of the first pioneers. Astounded and in shock, Sir Walter Raleigh listened while John White spoke the truth. Unfortunately, the rumors of an imminent Spanish armada attack against England started to circulate again. Finally, next winter, Sir Raleigh put together ships for both civilian and military purposes. A group of French pirate ships attacked them and looted the goods meant for the first civilians and missionaries in the new colony. Morning, July 19, 1588: the Spanish unbeatable sea armada took its stand in the open sea with 130 war ships, 20,000 soldiers, 8, 350 sailors and 2,630 cannons. Never before did the world see such a powerful sea power. Concluding that English ships were no match against the powerful Spanish sea armada, Sir Raleigh persuaded the queen to modify the English warships to a quicker armada. English sea armada triumphed over Spanish sea armada! This ship and its captain Cocke, originally on a mission to discoveries of underwater wealth, were not in rush to the Caribbean Islands. Spanish pirates suffered a total defeat. No traces of humans were sighted anywhere. Following the great difficulties while pulling the ships through shallow, sandy waters and through heavy sea storms, in which most of the sailors were lost, John White, his crew and the new pioneers landed on Roanoke Island. They received no welcome. No one waited for them. John White returned to Roanoke Island and found only the word CROATOAN carved in a tree. John White moved closer to examine it, for nothing like it had been there before, and suddenly noticed that carved on it was the word: CROATOAN. White frown turned to laughter and he whooped aloud, for he knew that place. Finally, the lost colonizers were alive, or John White thought so. Croatoan was a village, present-day Buxton, south of Roanoke on present-day Hatteras, where Manteo, the translator, was born and where Croatans lived. Where did they go? As evident, John White himself attested that before his return to England, the first pioneers spoke of a possible journey 50 miles further to the mainland, and not along the shores to Croatoan Island... This rumor was proven to true in July 1592. In 1597, the sixty year-four-year old queen welcomed Sir Raleigh back to court. Sir Raleigh attempted to reach Croatoan Island no less than six times — all attempts ending unsuccessfully. The Queen Elizabeth died in 1603. On November 17, the military court sentenced Sir Raleigh to death. This was the end of the man, who brilliantly defeated the Spain, and who established the first English colony in the New World. To his surprise, a group of Secotan Indians with gray eyes started a conversation with him in English. They explained that they lived on Roanoke Island and that their ancestors were white. There were no other instances of mentioning Native Americans having gray eyes. If Lawson was certain they did so, than we Croats have the right to believe the same. Perhaps Indians captured the first pioneers and kept them as slaves. Simon Fernandez, as a Portuguese navigator possibly had too many reasons to sabotage England and the colonizers. The Spanish-English war prevented a successful search for the first pioneers - that is for sure. Even the bad weather on open seas prevented successful search for lost pioneers. Twenty years following the disappearance of first pioneers, deep inside the mainland, a new colony of Jamestown existed, made of formerly captured English colonizers. Based on findings throughout the 420 years since the first English colony was established in the New World, there are plenty of reasons why this author believes Croatoan Island was an island inhabited by first Croatian immigrants in the New World. Signet-ring dating to the period ca. David Phelps, Professor Emeritus and retired director of the East Carolina University Archaeology Laboratory, directed the Croatan Archaeological Project exploring the Cape Creek site, ancient capital of Croatan Indians and other sites on Hatteras Island. The ring is believed to date to the 16th century. All other specimens from the Cape Creek site are curated at the East Carolina University Archaeology Laboratory under Accession No. Manteo is literate and with excellent knowledge of English Language. Where did this sympathetic Manteo receive all his knowledge? The name of island of his birth was Croatoan Island, and his people called themselves Croatoans Croatans. His people were a peace loving people and they, Croatans, who possibly were a mix of Croats and American Indians author , were friends with the American Natives. The best wine produced on the east coast as well as on the west coast, is still being produced by individuals of Croatian origin, no doubt about it. By the way, the golden rush and migration of colonizers and the first pioneers from eastern parts of US to western parts of US occurred by the end of 18th and in 19th century. Even the name of the first child born in the first English colony in America, Virginia Dare, is itself enigmatic. Was family name Dare made up from Croatian first name Dara or from English verb to dare? Who can guarantee that the family name Dareis not Croatian first name assimilated into Americanized last name? Abbreviation CROcan be taken for disinformation, since the root of numerous words in world languages, especially in Latin and Italian and French , starts with CRO. Cro-Magnon French man, for example , was not a habitat in parts of Croatia but in caves of Cro-Magnon in southwest France, approximately 40,000 to 10,000 years ago. This author hereby realizes that it takes a lifetime to search, research and come up with positive conclusions about our Croatian roots and about our Croatian contributions to both American and world ways of life. This was called the Lost Colony. Sir Walter Raleigh was given a Royal Charter to colonize. When the English returned in 1590 they found carved on a tree Croatoan and no colonists. Western historians state that Croatoan-Croatan is an Indian word. This was the first English attempt to colonize in America. In 1588 the great Spanish Armada attacked England. It is estimated that at least fifteen percent of the war galleons and merchant fleet under Spanish flag were from Dalmatia, Croatia. In 1588 the Pope, Sixtus V, was a Croatian and the Great Vizier or Prime Minister of the Turkish Empire, Siavus Pasha Hrvat Hrvat means Croatian was a Croatian. At that point in time these two individuals were the most powerful and influential men in all of Europe. A Croatian traveling west in Europe or to the New World from 1300-1700 could have been identified in documents as Hungarian, Venetian, Austrian, Turkish, Italian-Venetian, Schiavon, Slavonian, Illyrian, Dalmatian or from the Republic of Ragusa Dubrovnik. In 2003 to state or assume that Croatians participated in discovery of new lands and were with Columbus would not be believed and probably questioned in many circles. The 1400's-1650's were in fact a golden age for Croatia disproportionate to her size in territory and population, considering the Ottoman Turk invasion and conquest of Croatia up to Croatian-Dalmatia and the Republic of Ragusa. Previous, during and after the discovery of America, Croatians participated in mercantile and diplomatic activities in Spain, Portugal, England, France, Florence, Venice, Genoa and in India, America, Canada, Central and South America. Their presence in England at the time of colonization was neither accidental nor luck. Voyages on the American Coast - In 1498 John Cabot, discoverer of North America, started on his second voyage and then coasted along the East shore of the American mainland to Cape Hatteras. Explorations of later date found pieces of a broken sword of Italian workmanship, and that two silver earrings of Venetian make had been seen upon a boy who was a native of the North-West country in America which might indicate the destruction of part of Cabot's fleet. Cabot's lawyer was a Dalmatian from Dubrovnik-Ragusa. New Dalmatia - The New England Coast was first called New Dalmatia by explorer Verrazano in 1524. This had been written about by French, Italian and American historians. Verrazano mentions Sclavonia, Dalmatia and names four islands after Dalmatian islands. Isola Lunga is Dugi Otok or Long Island, New York. Verrazano discovered New York and may have lost ships off the Carolina coast. San Blas-Saint Vlaho - Jean Alfonse in the Alfonse Voyages of the 1540's along the Atlantic coast comments on passing Cap S. Blas, not naming it, with a notation of northeast of Florida in beautiful country at the port of Chatelain which would be Charleston, South Carolina. Blas is Saint Vlaho or Sveti Vlaho in Croatian. Saint Vlaho is the Patron Saint of Dubrovnik in Croatia. Levantine Mariners - In 1565 Menendez de Aviles, the new governor of Florida, wiped out a colony of French Huguenots trying to settle near present-day Jacksonville. Navigation would dictate that the ship went north and could have crashed off of Hatteras. Levantine mariners were usually Dalmatian-Croatian Catholics. Spain would not allow on her ships Greek Orthodox or Moslems. Sir Walter Raleigh and Nikola Gozi-Gucetich - Sir Walter Raleigh and Nikola Gozi-Gucetich held meetings in 1585 in London, prior to the voyage, with the admiral Lord Charles Howard of Effingham. Croatoan Island was first called My Lord Admirals Island in honor of Lord Howard of Effingham. Nikola Gozi-Gucetich of Dubrovnik was the second largest foreign banker in England. His nephew, Paolo Gondola-Gundulich, wrote letters to a friend in Florence from London of Drake and Raleigh in Virginia and other voyages. The Dalmatian-Croatian colony had a Fraternity in London. They probably were venture capitalists in a number of English voyages of exploration. Croatian Place Names in North Carolina - Place names and names found in North Carolina associated with Croatia are: Croatamonge, Croatamung Island, Croatan Indians, Croatan Indian Park, Croatan National Forest, Croatan Sound, Croatan Township, Croatan Wildlife Area, Croatoan and Croatoan Island. Croato an--Croat an - Croato-Croata-Croati is the Italian form of Croatia or Croatian. The Italian alphabet does not have a K. When a person is from a place such as Split, Dubrovnik, Ragusa, Zagreb, as examples ---- you can say he is a: Splitcan, Hvaran, Dubrovcan, Ragusan, Zagrebcan, Trogiran, Hercegovan. Croatia was not a country in the 1500s but a part of Venice, Austria, Hungary and Turkey or the Republic of Dubrovnik-Ragusa. One could say they were: Croatians, Croatans or Croatoans. All historians and experts state that Croatoan is an Algonquin Indian name. Other experts state there is no CR or KR sound in the Algonquin language in that area. Ottorasko was the earliest name given to this island south of Port Ferdinando with Croatoan southward from it again. Melingi-Melingoi - The Melungeon, Lumbee, and Croatan groups in America claim to be a mixture of Indian and European mariners, liberated slaves, Lost Colonists, and remnants of Spanish and Portuguese settlements. There is considerable speculation as to the origin of the name Melungeon. The Melingi-Melingoi were Slavic groups in the Balkans that would have willingly served in Turkish fleets. Turkish Slaves - Sir Frances Drake liberated hundreds of slaves in the Caribbean while plundering Spanish settlements. Drake brought material help to the Roanoke Colony and left the Turks and Moors and some European slaves at Roanoke. These liberated slaves far outnumbered the English Colonists; some left with Drake and were returned to Turkey. The Turkish slaves were captured in sea battles in the Mediterranean. Almost all Turkish admirals in the 1500s were Croatian-Dalmatians. Bosnia-Herzegovina, half of Croatia and parts of the Dalmatian coast, all part of the Croatian kingdom, were conquered by Turkey. Many Dalmatian mariners served in Turkish fleets; the second language at the Turkish Court for the military and marine was Croatian. Twenty-two Great Viziers Prime Ministers of the Turkish Empire were Croatians. Fish - At the Lost Colony, Ribuckon meant in Algonquin Indian a fishing place or fish; Cipo was mullet fish; Cante-Cante meant to sing and dance and Sat was time. There were many other similarities. Gray eyes and blondish hair amongst the Indians was noted for centuries. Gray eyes and light hair is found in Croatia in great numbers and not found in any other Mediterranean people. DNA and blood testing is now being conducted, but is not considering Croatians or Croatia and Bosnia. We Croats and Croatian-Americans can proudly convene these teachings to generations to come. Eterovich: Croatia and Croatians and the Lost Colony 1585-1590, San Carlos, Ragusan Press, 2003 research summary. Written by: Ivan Marjanovic De Tonya Croatian American poet and author.

Hypo Alpe-Adria-Bank a.d. Banja Luka: Krediti za konsolidaciju i nova sredstva
Memorijalnu sobu nobelovaca Lavoslava Ružičke i Vladimira Preloga u Knjižnici Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti gdje im je o životu, radu i zaslugama dvojice hrvatskih kemičara nobelovaca govorio akademik Vitomir Šunjić.... Zvonimir Mitar: Za mene je došao kraj, povlačim se s portala croatia. AJI - - CHAT - - LINKOVI - - TVRTKE - - SPORT - - PUTOVANJA - - TURIZAM - Impresum Hrvatski Portal u? Nakon isteka tog razdoblja državljani Hrvatske imali punu slobodu kretanja na području Švicarske, kao i ostali građani zemalja EU-a. Poziv na predstavljanje knjige Filipa? Zemaljski san - Earth Dream Novi pozdrav Vlade Franjevi? It was a known fact at the time that the English Queen disliked the Spanish overpowering military presence on seas. Započnite ćaskanje s nekim iz velike porodice naših članova da biste shvatili zašto su jedinstveni. Time je riješen spor do kojeg je došlo nakon što je ta zemlja objavila da će za građane Hrvatske važiti restrikcije za rad u Švicarskoj, bez obzira na hrvatsko članstvo u Uniji. Modne revije Etno butika Mara iz Zagreba u Švicarskoj: 15.

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