Gay Life in Montenegro: Past and Present

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Some of bars are strictly for gays and lesbians, some are gay-friendly and some of them they are only visited by gays and lesbians. Even if they report attacks, victims of homophobic violence tend to avoid any mention of sexual orientation. Dragoslava and her friends in a Belgrade bar in 2015 — the first officially registered case of violence against lesbians — but despite a number of eyewitnesses and security camera footage, the perpetrators were never identified. The court forbade Markovic to reoffend and ordered him to reimburse legal costs to GSA.

The Second Belgrade Pride parade went ahead on 10 October 2010, with the participation of around a thousand people. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia later restricted the offense in 1959 to only apply to homosexual anal intercourse; but with the maximum sentence reduced from 2 to 1 year imprisonment. Nevertheless, another LGBT organization was started in 2011 called. She does not belong to any political party, and her government is stacked with anti-Western officials who had served in his cabinet.

Gay Life in Serbia - Individuals outside of politics often do the same.

Restrictions: Same-sex marriage constitutionally banned. A successfully took place in September 2014 in. In 2016, the ILGA ranked Serbia 28th in terms of LGBT rights out of 49 observed. In June 2017, became the , as the first woman and first openly gay person to hold the office, and the second female LGBT head of government overall after of. She was also the first Serbian Prime Minister to attend a pride parade. Law regarding same-sex sexual activity First Serbian Uprising 1804-1813 Although religious laws existed prohibiting same-sex love and relationships, expressions were common in both Orthodox Christian and Islamic society. The early nineteenth century saw a time of relative turmoil for Serbia, with sporadic periods of stability. In 1804, Serbia gained its autonomy from the Ottoman Empire following two uprisings. It did not, however, mention same-sex sexual activity; and so homosexuality became effectively legal for a period of six years. Principality of Serbia In 1858, the , of which Serbia was nominally a , legalized same-sex sexual intercourse. However, the progressive reforms introduced by and were overturned when returned to power. Like in many other countries' legal documents of the time, lesbian sexuality was ignored and not mentioned. Yugoslavia In 1918, Serbia became a part of the. At first, the new state effectively inherited the different laws that applied to the different territories that joined together often contradictory. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia later restricted the offense in 1959 to only apply to homosexual anal intercourse; but with the maximum sentence reduced from 2 to 1 year imprisonment. Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina In 1977, same-sex sexual intercourse was legalized in the , while male same-sex sexual intercourse remained illegal in the rest of the including the. In 1990, into the legal system of Serbia, and male homosexuality once again become a criminal offense. The was set at 18 years for anal intercourse between males and 14 for other sexual practices. An equal age of consent of 14 was later introduced on 1 January 2006, regardless of sexual orientation or gender. However, other forms of recognition, such as civil unions or domestic partnerships, are not explicitly mentioned nor prohibited. Discrimination protections Until 2002, had no special protection specifically aimed at rights. In 2002, the approved the Broadcasting Law which prohibits Serbian broadcasting agencies from spreading information encouraging discrimination, hate and violence based on sexual orientation among other categories. In 2005, through a change in the Labor Law, discrimination based on sexual orientation in employment was banned. In 2005, Parliament approved the Law on Higher Education, which guarantees equal rights regardless of sexual orientation in those institutions among other categories. On 26 March 2009, Parliament approved a unified anti-discrimination law which prohibits, among other things, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and transgender status in all areas. On 5 July 2011, the Parliament approved a youth law, prohibiting discrimination on the ground of sexual orientation. The law regulates measures and activities undertaken by local governments at improving the social status of youth and creating conditions for addressing their needs and interests. Gender identity and expression On 28 July 2011, the Parliament approved a change in the Health Insurance Law, based on which sex change surgeries became partially covered by the statewide basic medical insurance plan, beginning in 2012. In 2012, proclaimed as a hub for sex reassignment surgery, as prices for such procedures are far lower than in neighbouring and Western countries. Transgender people in Serbia are allowed to change their legal name and gender but only after having undergone. Government-financed health insurance covers up to 65% of the surgery, while the remainder is financed by the patient. However, Serbian law prevents transgender people from altering their legal gender and name without undergoing surgery. According to Jovanka Todorovic, a program coordinator at Gayten-LGBT, about 80% of Serbian transgender people are not willing to go through surgery. Instead, some choose to have , which is not financed by health insurance. Transgender activists are currently lobbying for a Gender Identity Law, which would make it easier for transgender people to change their gender. Laws against anti-LGBT speech Since 2003, there has been legislation part of the Information Law specifically in place to counter verbal discrimination based on sexual orientation within the media. The same prohibition formed part of the Radio Emitters Law adopted in 2002; however, it was never effectively observed, with the Radio Emitters Agency an independent government agency having failed to take any action against offenders. More widely, the Anti-Discrimination Law of 2009 prohibits hate speech on the basis of sexual orientation across wider Serbia society. Military service In 2010, the Serbian Army agreed that gay and bisexual men and women may openly serve in the professional army, but that news was not broadcast widely across media. Nevertheless, Serbian LGBT rights activists transmitted the news within their communities, encouraging people to apply. Many LGBT organizations have been founded in Serbia, especially in and , though also in , , , and. The majority of Serbian people retain strong attitudes against homosexuality. There have been numerous instances of violent gay-bashing, the most extreme during the first Belgrade Gay Pride in 2001. Several pride events have had to be cancelled. The 2009 Belgrade Pride was also cancelled for similar reasons, as police could not guarantee the safety of participants. The Second Belgrade Pride parade went ahead on 10 October 2010, with the participation of around a thousand people. However, it was met with violent reaction and riots attended by 6,000 anti-gay protesters and extreme nationalist group members. After several requests to do so, the Serbian Medical Society finally stated that same-sex orientation is not a disease in an official letter to Labris in 2008. The protection of LGBT people in Serbia is further complicated by the existence of various nationalist and neo-nazi associations like 'Obraz', '1389' and 'Stormfront', which are supported by some right-wing political parties. These groups have, on several occasions, made their threats to LGBT people publicly known, though the media and the police are increasingly reacting to deter such threats publicly. The development of LGBT rights and culture in Serbia is supported by LGBT sites such as and and the oldest in the region. In November 2015, former President expressed his support for same-sex marriage and adoption. In August 2016, was appointed Minister of Public Administration and Local State Governments, becoming the first openly lesbian minister in Serbia. In June 2017, Serbian President appointed Brnabić to be the. She was sworn in on 29 June 2017. Her appointment received criticism and opposition from both left-wing and right-wing groups. Left-wing groups accused Brnabić of being a puppet to the President and that her sexual orientation would serve as a cover-up for human rights abuses. Right-groups opposed her nomination because of her sexual orientation. In September 2017, Prime Minister Brnabić took part in the pride parade in. At the event, Mrs. Brnabić said: The government is here for all citizens and will secure the respect of rights for all citizens According to the Commissioner for the Protection of Equality, research carried out in 2012 showed that 48% of Serbs believed that homosexuality is an illness. According to a 2017 poll carried out by , 59% of Serbians agreed that gay, lesbian and bisexual people should enjoy the same rights as straight people, while 24% disagreed. Additionally, 64% agreed that they should be protected from workplace discrimination. As for transgender people, 63% agreed that they should have the same rights, 65% believed they should be protected from employment discrimination and 51% believed they should be allowed to change their legal gender. Additionally, a majority of Serbians would accept an LGBT neighbour. Retrieved 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2017. Archived from on 14 April 2016. Retrieved 25 October 2017. Archived from PDF on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017 — via Google Books. Retrieved 25 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017. Retrieved 19 September 2009. Retrieved 25 October 2017.

Serbian prime minister joins Belgrade Pride parade
It describes the difficult circumstances under which LGBT citizens live and hide. Gay parties in Montenegro are usually organized in the apartments of older, well-off gay men. This Potemkin appointment sent a message to the world: Serbia was experiencing a historical breakthrough in terms of human rights and equal opportunities. For that reason gay and lesbian groups were not allowed to register. In June 2017, became the , as the first woman and first openly gay person to hold the office, and the second female LGBT head of government overall after of. There have also been several physical attacks on LGBT people. Milan Nic, an expert on the Balkans at the German Council on Foreign Relations in Berlin, said Ms. Queer communities, activists and artists remain marginalised. Serbian gay organizations point the finger at politicians and clerics of the Serbian Orthodox Church as the top of the Serbian homophobic pyramid. Montenegro saw its independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1878 and from 1918 it was a part of the larger Yugoslavia until that confederation broke up in 1992. The police car just passed them by.

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