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Venerable Sariputta, the Buddha's chief disciple in wisdom, said that a wise person is one who understands the four noble truths, and an unwise person is one who does not understand them[4].
Dukkha: "Now this, monks, is the noble truth of suffering:
Birth is suffering, aging is suffering, illness is suffering, death is suffering; union with what is displeasing is suffering; separation from what is pleasing is suffering; not to get what one wants is suffering; in brief, the five aggregates subject to clinging are suffering.
Samudaya: Now this, monks, is the noble truth of the origin of suffering:
It is this craving which leads to renewed existence, accompanied by delight and lust, seeking delight here and there; that is, craving for sensual pleasures, craving for existence, craving for extermination.
Nirodha: Now this, monks, is the noble truth of the cessation of suffering:
It is the remainderless fading away and cessation of that same craving, the giving up and relinquishing of it, freedom from it, and non-reliance on it.
Marga: Now this, monks, is the noble truth of the way leading to the cessation of suffering:
It is this Noble Eightfold Path; that is, right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration
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