AN INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION

Continuacao do Pardal tomando banho (ou seria se sujando?) de areia, em um parque infantil da Superquadra Norte 307 (SQN 307), em Brasilia-DF, Brasil. - (2). Vejam toda a sequencia.
Passer domesticus (house sparrow)
By Jennifer Roof
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Passeridae
Genus: Passer
Species: Passer domesticus
Find in TaxonTree [Help]
Geographic Range
The House Sparrow is distributed worldwide (excluding the Poles). It is native to Eurasia and North Africa. It was introduced into S. Africa, South America, Australia, New Zealand, and America. Its introduction into North America occured in 1851, when a group of 100 birds from England was released in Brooklyn, New York.
Biogeographic Regions:
nearctic (introduced ); palearctic (native ); ethiopian (native ); neotropical (introduced ); australian (introduced ).
Habitat
House Sparrows like areas that have been modified by humans, including farms, residential, and urban areas. They are absent from uninhabited woodlands, deserts, forests, and grasslands.
These animals are found in the following types of habitat:
temperate ; terrestrial .
Physical Description
Mass
28.50 g (average)
(1 oz)
Wingspan
76 mm (average)
(2.99 in)
The House Sparrow is a stout, stocky sparrow, with shorter legs and a thicker bill than indigenous American sparrows. Members of both sexes are brown backed with black streaks throughout this area. Its underside is pale buff. Males have white cheeks and a black bib, while females do not. The tail is usually three-quarters the length of the wing.
Some key physical features:
endothermic ; bilateral symmetry .
Sexual dimorphism: male more colorful.
Reproduction
Breeding season
February through August in North America
Eggs per season
1 to 8; avg. 5
Time to hatching
11 days (high)
Time to fledging
14 days (average)
House Sparrows form monogamous pairs for each breeding season. Nests are built between February and May. House Sparrows nest in crevices inside and on buildings, and in coniferous and deciduous trees. Nests are built from dried vegetation, feathers, strings, and paper. Eggs are layed at any time in the nesting period. One to eight eggs can be present in a clutch, with the possiblity of four clutches per nesting season. Incubation begins after all the eggs have been layed. Both males and females incubate the eggs for short periods of a few minutes each. Incubation lasts for 10 to 14 days. After the eggs are hatched, both males and females feed the young through regurgitation.
Key reproductive features:
iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization (internal ); oviparous .
Both males and females incubate eggs and brood young until they have fledged. Both parents also provide their young with food.
Parental investment:
altricial ; male parental care ; female parental care .
Lifespan/Longevity
Longest known lifespan in wild
13 years (high)
A wild House Sparrow lived to be 13 years and 4 months old, though most will live for only several years.
Behavior
House Sparrows tend to forage for food on the ground, using a hopping movement when not in flight. Their flight is direct, with continued flapping and no periods of gliding.
House Sparrows aggressively protect a small teritorry just around their nesting site. This is believed to be strictly a protection of the nest site, and not of any feeding areas. Sparrows have been observed to threaten, and if necessary, attack 70 species of birds that have come into their nesting territory. These attacks seem to be intrasexual, males attack males and females attack only females.
Key behaviors:
diurnal ; motile ; sedentary ; social .
Communication and Perception
House Sparrows use a set of postures and behaviors to communicate with others of their species. House Sparrows also have a set of vocalizations that are used to attract mates, deter intruders, and warn others.

Continuacao do Pardal tomando banho (ou seria se sujando?) de areia, em um parque infantil da Superquadra Norte 307 (SQN 307), em Brasilia-DF, Brasil. - (4). Vejam toda a sequencia.
Passer domesticus (house sparrow)
By Jennifer Roof
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Passeridae
Genus: Passer
Species: Passer domesticus
Find in TaxonTree [Help]
Geographic Range
The House Sparrow is distributed worldwide (excluding the Poles). It is native to Eurasia and North Africa. It was introduced into S. Africa, South America, Australia, New Zealand, and America. Its introduction into North America occured in 1851, when a group of 100 birds from England was released in Brooklyn, New York.
Biogeographic Regions:
nearctic (introduced ); palearctic (native ); ethiopian (native ); neotropical (introduced ); australian (introduced ).
Habitat
House Sparrows like areas that have been modified by humans, including farms, residential, and urban areas. They are absent from uninhabited woodlands, deserts, forests, and grasslands.
These animals are found in the following types of habitat:
temperate ; terrestrial .
Physical Description
Mass
28.50 g (average)
(1 oz)
Wingspan
76 mm (average)
(2.99 in)
The House Sparrow is a stout, stocky sparrow, with shorter legs and a thicker bill than indigenous American sparrows. Members of both sexes are brown backed with black streaks throughout this area. Its underside is pale buff. Males have white cheeks and a black bib, while females do not. The tail is usually three-quarters the length of the wing.
Some key physical features:
endothermic ; bilateral symmetry .
Sexual dimorphism: male more colorful.
Reproduction
Breeding season
February through August in North America
Eggs per season
1 to 8; avg. 5
Time to hatching
11 days (high)
Time to fledging
14 days (average)
House Sparrows form monogamous pairs for each breeding season. Nests are built between February and May. House Sparrows nest in crevices inside and on buildings, and in coniferous and deciduous trees. Nests are built from dried vegetation, feathers, strings, and paper. Eggs are layed at any time in the nesting period. One to eight eggs can be present in a clutch, with the possiblity of four clutches per nesting season. Incubation begins after all the eggs have been layed. Both males and females incubate the eggs for short periods of a few minutes each. Incubation lasts for 10 to 14 days. After the eggs are hatched, both males and females feed the young through regurgitation.
Key reproductive features:
iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization (internal ); oviparous .
Both males and females incubate eggs and brood young until they have fledged. Both parents also provide their young with food.
Parental investment:
altricial ; male parental care ; female parental care .
Lifespan/Longevity
Longest known lifespan in wild
13 years (high)
A wild House Sparrow lived to be 13 years and 4 months old, though most will live for only several years.
Behavior
House Sparrows tend to forage for food on the ground, using a hopping movement when not in flight. Their flight is direct, with continued flapping and no periods of gliding.
House Sparrows aggressively protect a small teritorry just around their nesting site. This is believed to be strictly a protection of the nest site, and not of any feeding areas. Sparrows have been observed to threaten, and if necessary, attack 70 species of birds that have come into their nesting territory. These attacks seem to be intrasexual, males attack males and females attack only females.
Key behaviors:
diurnal ; motile ; sedentary ; social .
Communication and Perception
House Sparrows use a set of postures and behaviors to communicate with others of their species. House Sparrows also have a set of vocalizations that are used to attract mates, deter intruders, and warn others.

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